历年GRE考试Issue题库分析与提纲六十二
217. "In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made."为了创作出成功的原创著作，学者和科学家们必须研究别人的著作以了解这些著作仍然保持着哪些贡献。
Naturally, to make new contributions in any field of study, scholars and scientists should first master the existing work done by their fellow scholars and scientists.
1. No one can produce any original work without first assimilating the contributions of former generations in his or her field.
2. The defects of the work of other scholars and scientists are where we can possibly make our contributions.
3. In a large sense, what is called “original” work is usually but an improvement on the work done by previous scholars and scientist.
他山之石可以攻玉，科学是承前继后的过程
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229. "The best way to learn a new subject or skill is to study small segments or details in great depth rather than to start by trying to develop a sense of the whole."
学习一门新学科或者新技术的最好方法是深入的学习某一个小的部分或者细节，而不是一开始就试图去从整体来把握。
To learn a new subject, one should start by developing a sense of the whole rather than focusing on segments or details.
1. A sense of the whole subject enables us to identify the specific areas where we can make originalcontributions.
2. A sense of the whole subject provides necessary background knowledge for any in-depth exploration into particular areas of that subject.
3. Studying small segments or details in great depth would in turn contribute to our understanding of the whole subject.
整体和局部的关系
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