1999年英语专八考试 ：翻译真题及参考答案
1999年英语专八考试翻译真题及参考答案1999年E-C：
In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places.
In addition, one class(一类) of family reasons shares a border(接壤、相近)with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy(使 …忙(有事干) the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption(设想、假设 consumption 消费) that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined(突出、显现) by its converse(反面、相反): in some societies the failure to bear children(养孩子) (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce.
Beyond all that(除了这些 )is the profound(深刻的、深远的) significance of children to the very institution(结构) of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family(完整的) —they need children to enrich the circle(丰富家庭生活、拓宽生活圈子), to validate(使…有效) its family character(家族的特征、风格), to gather(增加、集合) the redemptive(赎回的, 用于补偿的)influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution(社会结构)uniquely(唯一) available, at least in principle, for (获得)security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance(生计) and in generational extension(家族的繁衍).
参考译文：
另外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共同之处，那就是：生儿育女要么是为了维系现有婚姻，提高婚姻质量，要么是为了拴住丈夫，使妻子有所事事，要么是为了修复婚姻，给婚姻注入新的活力，亦或是出于多子多福的观念而多生儿女。当然，我们也可以从问题的反面得到昭示：在某些社会，无法生育子嗣(或不能生育男孩)对婚姻而言是最大的威胁，也可作为夫妻分手的现成理由。www.examｗ.com
后代对家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义远非如此。在许多人看来，丁克家庭算不上真正的家庭。夫妻需要孩子来拓宽自己的生活圈子，实现家庭在传宗接代中的作用，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。在这个变幻莫测，常常不尽友善的世界上，家庭作为社会的基本单位，至少可在原则上，以其独特方式为家人提供安全保障，抚慰家人受伤的心灵，为家人指出生活方向，因此，孩子需要家庭，但与此同时，家庭也需要孩子。
1999C-E：
加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达到8，000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。
温哥华(Vancouver)的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的作用。他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。
参考译文：
The glory of Vancouver has been achieved through the wisdom and the industry of the Vancouver people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups. Canada, sparsely populated, has a territory larger than that of China, but its population is only less than 30 million. Consequently, to attracting immigrants from other countries has become a national policy long practiced/followed/cherished by Canada. All Canadians except the American Indians, so to speak, are foreign immigrants, differing only in the length of time they have settled in Canada. Vancouver, in particular, is one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world. Among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are non-natives and one out of every four residents is from Asia. The 250,000 Chinese there have played a decisive role in the transformation of Vancouver's economy. Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.
1999年英语专八考试 ：翻译真题及参考答案
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