托福语法辅导：托福语法全攻略(2)
托福语法辅导：托福语法全攻略(2)第二节 限定词 名词究竟要用单数还是复数, 与名词之前的限定词有很大关系, 限定词通常分如下几类:
1.之后肯定接单数:
a /an, every, one, another, each, either, this, that, such a, many a, etc.
例句： Each of them has two books.
You can read either book. (两本书你可以随便读一本)
2.之后肯定接复数:
these, those, many, such, other，
大于one的数词(ten, hundred, thousand, million…),
a few /few /fewer /fewest, a (great /good / large /small) number of, several
one of, all (of), some /any (of), most (of), a lot of, lots of, the rest of, plenty of
3.之后既可接单数又可接复数: the, no, his, her, their, my, etc
注意：这几类词大多不能同时使用
考点 否定限定词no
(1) no既可用于可数名词复数前又可用于单数前, 表示否定意义. 例如:
No flowers in the garden. 花园里没有花.
No one is here.
(2) no与否定副词not的区别是改错题的常见考点。 二者的区别在于:
no直接修饰名词, 不能与其他限定词同时出现;
not一般出现在be动词或助动词之后, a, an, any等限定词之前, 它是否定式的组成要素, 而不是名词的限定词
例题:
(1)
The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ---- clearly understood.
(A) none
(B) no
(C) not
(D) nor
答案: C来自www.Examw.com
解释: 此句主谓完整, 据选项可知空白处需填入合适的词使原句变为否定, 只有否定副词not可以和is配合构成否定句, A、B、D 之后都需要名词词组, 不符题意
(2)
Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor.
应改为: No
解释: Not是否定副词应置于be动词或助动词之后, 且它与单数名词间需加冠词, 而no是形容词, 可以直接修饰后面的名词
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