2011年职称英语考试：理工类B级真题完整版

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 23:23:33

第1 部分：词汇选项（第1-15 题，每题1 分，共15 分）
下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。
1. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.
A. effort    B. problem
C. influence  D.concern
2. She always finds fault with everything,
A criticizes  B simplifies
C evaluates D examines
3.We need to extract the relevant financial data.
A store B save
C review D obtain
4.We have to act within the existing legal framework.
A limit B system
C procedure    D status
5.They converted the spare bedroom into an office.
A reduced B turned
C moved    D reformed
6. Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do .
A doubting    B thinking
C saying    D knowing
7. Mr.Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.
A.held B.expect
C offered.    D increased
8.His shoes were shined to perfection.
A .cleared B polished
C washed    D mended
9. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.
A.offered    B included
C accepted    D investigated
10.At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.
A give B understand
C attach  D lose
11.The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.
A general B traditional
Cmagnificent Dstrong
12.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.
A reported    B admitted
C hoped    Danswered
13.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.
A relative  B    general
C continuous    D sharp
14. Jane said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours.
A spend  B take
C last D stand
15.The police believe the motive for the murder was money.  （红色部分单词待定，不影响答案）
A reason Bchoice
C idea    D decision

第2 部分：阅读判断（第16-22 题，每题1 分，共7 分）
下面的短文后列出了7  个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没
有提及，请选择C。
Lakes, Too, Feel Global Warming
There’s no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it’s been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of  global warming — and trying to figure out what to do about it.
Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating  up.Between 1985 and 2009,satellites  recordedthe  nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer  —  by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.
In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, in just 10 years. That difference may seem small — you might not even notice it in your bathtub. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae, and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.
The scientists who did the study work for NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California  Institute of TechnologyinPasadena.Theyreportthatlakesseem to bewarming faster in the northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere. In the United States, lakes in the southwestern part of the country warmed faster than did the Great Lakes in the north.
The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how the Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming.
The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.
That’s going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change.
Scientists aren’t the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by therapidwarming of the planet.Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse gases we put into the air.
That’s  why  the  United  Nations  started  the  Framework  Convention  on  Climate  Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from
countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.
16.Scientist have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
17.The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
18.Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
19.  A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
20.  Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
21.  Globle warming is less threatening to small countries.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
22.  UNFCCC’s annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 23:23:34

</p>第3 部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30 题，每题1 分，共8 分）
下面的短文后有2 项测试任务：（1）第23-26 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为第1~4 段每段选择1 个最佳标题；（2）第27~30 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为每个句子确定1 个最佳选项。
The ipad
1.The iPad is a tablet computer designed, developed and marketed by Apple primarily as a platform foraudio-visual media including books,periodicals,movies,music,games,and web content. At about 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight fall between those of contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.
2.The iPad runs the same operating system as the iPod Touch and iPhone─and can run its own applications as well as iPhone applications. Without modification, and with the exception of web applications, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.
3 .Like iPhone and iPod Touch,the iPad is controlled by a multitouch display─a departure from most previous tablet computers, which used a pressure-triggered stylus─as well as a virtual onscreen keyboard in lieu of a physical keyboard. The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to HSPA data networks. The device is managed and synced by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable.
4.An ipad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There anr lots of ipad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate.Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options.One of the most common uses is for e-mail services.ipad applications lide Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specifie and particular options.They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts. 转自:考试网 - [Examw.Com]
5.While the ipad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users.Some companies are adopting ipads in their business offices by distributing or making available ipads to employees.Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients,medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams,and managers approving employee reauests.Asurvey by Frost & Sullivan shows that ipad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.
23. paragraph 2
24. paragraph 3
25. paragraph 4
26. paragraph 5
A. Difference from iPhone.
B. Operating System.
C. Online Stores.
D. Feature and Application.
E. Business Usage.
F. Display and Data Connection.
27．In April 2010 the ipad developed by Apple was
28．The ipad will only run programs approved by Apple if not
29．Ipad applications enable the owner’s email accounts to be
30．Ipad usage in office enables employee productivity to be
A. increased
B. released
C. modified
D. distributed
E. browsed
F.personalized

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 23:23:35

</p>第4 部分：阅读理解（第31-45 题，每题3 分，共45 分）
下面有3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5  道题，请根据短文内容，为每题确定1 个最佳选项。
第一篇 Longer Lives for Wild Elephants
Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where straggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators don't exist. Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe old age.
But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth.Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health. They develop diseases. joint problems and behavior changes. Sometimes, they even become infertile, or unable to have babies.
To learn more about how  captivity affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands. Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death. These records made it possible for the researchers to analyze 40 years of data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe. The scientists compared the life spans of the zoo-born elephants with the life spans of thousands of female wild elephants in Africa and Asian elephants that work in logging camps, over approximately the same time period.
The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16.9 years.
Their wild counterparts who died of natural causes lived an average of 56 years —more than three times as long. Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern.  In zoos,they lived 18.9 years, while those in the logging camps lived 41.7 years.
Scientists don't yet know why wild elephants seem to fare so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts. Georgia Mason, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, thinks stress and obesity may be to blame. Zoo elephants don't get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild, and most are very fat. Elephant social lives are also much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups.
Another finding from the study showed that Asian elephants born in zoos were more likely to die early than Asian elephants captured in the wild and brought to zoos. Mason suggests stress in the mothers in zoos might cause them to have babies that are less likely to survive.
The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos. While some threatened and endangered species living in zoos reproduce successfully and maintainb healthy populations, that doesn't appear to be the case with elephants. "Currently, zoos are net consumers of elephants ,not net producers." Mason says.
31. Unlike other animals in zoos,zoo-raised animals elephants
A. develop poor health.
B. live a long life.
C. give birth to many babies.
D. have difficulty getting food.
32. Which of the following about the scientists' study is NOT true?
A. They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.
B. They compared zoo elephants with wild elephants.
C. They analyzed the records of 800 elephants kept in zoos.
D. The zoo-born elephants they studied were kept in European zoos.
33. It was found that, compared with female wild elephants,female zoo
A. live longer.
B. grew up faster.
C. enjoyed the same life spans.
D. died much earlier.
34. One of the possible reasons for the zoo-raised elephants’pro(?)
A. they do not get proper food.
B. they do not live in family groups.
C. they do too much exercise.
D. they live in large herds.
35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that
A. it may not be wise to keep elephants in zoos.
B. zoo-born elephants should be looked after more care.
C. zoos should keep more animals except elephants.
D. elephants are no longer an endangered species.
第二篇 Cell phones: hang up or keep talking
Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication—having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.
The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals worried.
Some doctors are concerned that in the futre many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.
On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning(扫描) equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn’t remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer ’s doctor didn’t agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The  answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.
As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health.  So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.
36. People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that
A) they’re popular.
B) they’re cheap.
C) they’re useful.
D) they’re convenient.
37. The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by
A) cured.
B) removed.
C) discovered.
D) caused.
38. The salesman retired young because
A) he disliked using mobile phones.
B) he was tired of talking on his mobile phone.
C) he could’t remember simple tasks.
D) his employer ’s doctor persuaded him to. 考试用书
39. On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies
A) deny the existence of mobile phone radication.
B) develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation.
C) try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health.
D) hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about.
40. The writer’s purpose of writing this article is to advise people
A) to buy mobile phones.
B) to update regular phones.
C) to use mobile phones less often.
D) to stop using mobile phones.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 23:23:36

</p>第三篇 The Book of Life
So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species (物种), and that's just a fraction of what probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other creatures covering the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg or what kind of bird is flying by.
A soon-to-be-launchedWeb site might help.An international team of  researchers has announced the creation of a Web-based Encyclopedia of Life (EoL).The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy-to-use reference guide.
To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases that already exist.  And eventually, in  special sections of the  site,  nonscientists with specialized knowledge will get to join in. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input which birds they've seen and where. The technology for this kind of tool has only recently become available.
As the EoL develops, you might find it useful for school projects. The site will feature special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to chooseto leave out pages that haven't been reviewed. Another convenient feature of the EoL is that you'll be able to pick the level of detail you see to match your interests, age, and current knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature, and exploration of bears.
It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species.
The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed that process.
41. “Spider” and “bird” mentioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate
A) there are numerous living species on Earth.
B) animals are people’s friends.
C) it is easy to see spiders and birds.
D) there are many types of spiders and birds.
42. The goal of the creating of the EoL is to
A) collect enough data to analyze the living species on Earth.
B) work out an easy-to-use catalog of every living species on Earth.
C) enlarge an existing Web site of the living species on Earth.
D) add new information to the existing databases of the living species on Earth.
43. At the starting stage the EoL will get information from
A) all the Web sites available.
B) databases built up by its creators.
C) nonscientists with specialized knowledge.
D) the existing scientific databases.
44. The word “novice” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by
A) scientist
B) creator.
C) beginner.
D) expert.
45. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) The EoL will be beneficial to school kids with its development.
B) Scientists will review every piece of the information added.
C) Scientists have cataloged only a small part of the living species.
D) People with different interests and knowledge will in a
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Mt. Desert Island
The coast of the State of Maine is one of the most irregular in the world. A straight line running from the southernmost coastal city to the northernmost coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you followed the coastline between these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result of what is called a drowned coastline____(46). At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered above the sea. As the glacier (冰川) descended, however, it expended enormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea.
As the mountains sank, ocean water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land, forming a series of twisting inlets and lagoons (咸水湖). The highest parts of the former mountain range, nearest the shore, remained as islands. ____(47) Marine fossils found here were 225 feet above sea level, indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier.
The 2,500-mile-long rocky coastline of Marine keeps watch over nearly two thousand islands. Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to thriving communities. Mt. Desert Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands. Measuring 16 miles by 12 miles. Mt. Desert was essentially formed as two distinct islands, _____(48)
For years, Mt. Desert island, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, afforded summer home for the wealthy. Recently though, Bar Harbor has become a rapidly growing arts community as well. But, the best part of the island is the unspoiled forest land known as Acadia National Park. Because the island sits on the boundary line between the temperate (温带) and sub-Arctic zones, the islands supports the plants and animals of both zones as well as beach, inland, and alpine (高山的) plants.____(49). The establishment of Acadia National Park in 1916 means that this natural reserve will be perpetually available to all people, not just the wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive nature instruction from the park naturalists as well as enjoy camping, cycling, and boating. Or they may choose to spend time at the archeological museum, learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island.
The best view on Mt. Desert Island is from the top of Cadillac Mountain. ____(50) From the summit, you can gaze back toward the mainland or out over the Atlantic Ocean and contemplate the beauty created by a retreating glacier.
A It also lies in a major bird migration
B Mt. Desert Island is one of the
C The wealthy residents of Mt.
D The term comes from the activity
E This mountain rises 1,532 feet.
F It is split almost in half by Some

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[职称英语真题] 2011年职称英语考试：理工类B级真题完整版