2013年职称英语综合类B级:完形填空模拟03 U4 O! L1 e3 {$ g
The Central Problem of Economics
; O" K/ P3 j7 G0 ] The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people’s and nation’s wants. u1 l4 T7 n4 C4 T# |: _7 O
The problem we are faced with is that our resources, here identified as money, are __1__. The only way we can resolve our problem is to make choices. After looking at our resources, we must examine our list of __2__ and identify the things we need immediately, those we can postpone, and __3__ we cannot afford. As individuals, we face the central problem involved in economics-deciding just how to allocate our limited our limited resources to provide __4__ with the greatest satisfaction of our wants.
0 D' X8 e) I3 a Nations face the same problem. As a country’s population ___5__, the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase, but there __6__ are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation. Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family living room, in the conference room of the corporation __7__ of directors, or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington, the basic problem still exists. We need to find __8__ of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants. & \; P* W- z5 y0 N" P; j" Y1 d( }
A short time ago economists divided goods into two categories, free and economic. The former, like air and water, were in __9__ abundance that economists had no concern for them. After all, economics is the __10__ of scarcity and what to do about it. Today many of these "free goods" are __11__ very expensive to use. Pollution has made clean air and water expensive for producers’ extra costs, and __12__ taxpayers who pay for the government’s involvement in cleaning the environment.
$ R. a# a7 E" b/ O3 D: C* I In the 1990s, almost all goods are __13__. Only by effort and money __14__ obtained in the form people wish. # W9 s, B& ]0 o2 e( E
Meeting needs of people and the demands from resource available __15__ the basic activity of production. In trying to meet unlimited wants from limited economic goods, production leads to new problems in economics. 6 {0 X: }: i0 A! l( t- z$ P2 D
EXERCISE: 9 H; x. N( D s" h% c
1. A) limited B) unlimited C) scarcity D) abundant
" q2 O) z# t3 B0 l- B- S 2. A) want B) problem C) wants D) resources - ], r, [, e7 y: k
3. A) those B) some C) others D) many 来自www.Examw.com) Z" {6 z- u" m, q
4. A) them B) themselves C) ourselves D) ours ) G. K3 g& s% _- G) ^3 a- z
5. A) expand B) extends C) grows D) increase
$ C. `- k6 f9 l 6. A) always B) sometimes C) often D) never
5 H" r3 o9 x( J; [0 U' Q 7. A) management B) function C) board D) group
( p0 F [) A' H! J# l) _ 8. A) people B) economists C ) way D) methods
+ M B9 U% ]' ^& W 9. A) so B) great C) such D) such an
: g! U3 E6 @5 i9 n& r 10. A) form B) study C) means D) source 0 @, Y1 `' v0 [
11. A) practically B) in practice C)in reality D) practicably , \4 t& ]! ?8 b2 W
12. A) the B) / C) for D) with
: A- v+ T+ Q; N' y2 v9 n8 `& @ 13. A) plentiful B) scarce C) abundant D) in full supply ' V8 o+ C3 `: m6 M. {7 ~& K
14. A) they can be B) can they be C) they must be D) must they be
% q1 k& O- |) ^& ~7 h4 s0 B9 ^ 15. A) are led to B) leads C) lead to D) leads to % O8 X; Z0 t, O: u( t8 m
KEY: # R$ j$ x4 Y. E2 i( f- a
A C A C C D C D C B C C B B D |