第4部分:阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
% ^/ F/ z; ?- N0 q) X* b 下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
+ X) [1 @' p9 A, d0 R 第一篇) i6 o/ H6 A: @6 I- h
Exercise Lowers Employers'Health Costs, }* c! ~1 k0 q0 o
Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit,researchers reported on Friday. K$ R9 O# a7 G) X
They said obese(肥胖的)employees had higher health-care costs,but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week-without even losing any weight.
' d) r" n& H# i7 q! P1 s Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.
# T: s* N8 D& |4 |, Y4 A% x% t They estimated that getting the most sedentary(惯于久坐的)obese workers to exercise would have saved about$790,000 a year,or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group.; a; V f8 _5 D6 X3 [+ L$ V
Company-wide.the potential savings could reach$7 1 million per year,they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
3 b4 |5 c9 f- s8 p Of the whole group of workers.about 30 percent were of normal weight,45 percent were overweight(超重的),and 25 percent were obese.Annual health-care costs averaged$2,200 for normal weight,$2,400 for the overweight,and$2,700 for obese employees.9 X) Y3 }8 j$ o" x3 x
But among workers who did no exercise,health-care costs went up by at least$100 a year,and were$3.000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary0 x2 B7 z& ~7 r
But adding two or more days of light exercise——at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing——lowered costs by on average$500 per employee a year,the researchers found.: O ?# j. Y( O, r- M
"This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat,and in consequence,help lower the health-care costs,"Wang and colleagues wrote.
$ B" U, L( _( U 31 How can employees help lower the health-care costs?
3 k' M/ j8 L! l2 r/ B A By taking more rest7 C3 _; p; X. v& B
B By eating less.; b- F3 `. Z/ S" i+ T
C By exercising a little bit.
2 [% Q. ]9 R1 `+ e4 o" e2 V D By saving more money.
" S; a7 U: ^, C2 I- v 32 By encouraging its employees to exercise General Motors could save
- p! S% j4 [. R3 E* K A$790,000 per year.
$ J) g- ]8 s, r. T6 f: Z B $7.1 million per year.% f5 U- c0 B: _$ P1 x
C$3,000per year4 S! L, [* F6 T4 k) e) D
D $7,300 per year.7 F: q( y5 L, f/ A* {
33 How many workers in General Motors were NOT of normal weight?# Y2 p' k) a' \5 v
A Seventy percent
) |4 T+ t" o9 ?+ t2 o& O" i) n; [ B Thirty percent.* s5 S0 P9 G: E; K
C Forty-five percent) e+ j1 N/ v9 M6 e6 o
D Twenty-five percent.1 A; | i* s9 l( J' n% y: p
34 For which group of the workers were the health-care costs the highest?
7 O! x$ h2 p: o* w7 U A The employees of normal weight.
1 T; o9 Q& T6 o' x/ C B The overweight employees
+ C+ p, }& e$ A! T C The obese employees.
& Z5 Z5 }3 S& m, H; H* b+ U: Q; P D The sedentary obese employees.2 p% l6 X$ ~) ~9 p
35 How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?
$ N5 j; y$ x- V A At least seven days a week./ d6 o5 p3 p w" {3 O
B At least twenty minutes a week.8 H: h- \$ b$ ^' u: P) {7 D' Y
C At least twice a week.! @; [/ o. a6 f- N& c6 F+ a r
$ |* r2 _# V5 B D At least once a week. |