WhatIsaCentralBank什么是中央银行（注解）2

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　　Notes
　　1.Every country with an established banking system has a central bank, which acts as banker to the Government in the widest sense. 每个有完整金融体系的国家都有中央银行，广义而言，中央银行是政府的银行。
, }% l) W2 C. s' x　　(1)介词短语with an established banking system在句中做后置定语，修饰前面的country。
　　(2) which acts as…是非限制性定语从句，对其先行词a central bank作补充说明。
　　(3)banker to the Government政府的银行
　　(4)in the widest sense广义而言
6 [0 N( E4 C+ M: m$ W　　sense n.意思，意义
　　例：in a sense
　　在某一方面；就某种意义来说
　　2.It liaises with and advises the Government on monetary policy and ensures that the necessary steps are taken to carry it through. 中央银行就货币政策和政府保持联系，充当政府的顾问，并采取必要措施，以保证货币政策的贯彻实施。
+ G! Y2 B# d/ T* F- I　　(1)liaise（with）vi.与…建立联络关系；与…取得联系
; k0 z0 v& J  i  V* ~- H3 [　　(2)monetary policy货币政策
　　monetary adj.①of or relating to money金钱的：金钱的或与之有关的
, Z0 V8 a' a# c, b4 B　　②of or relating to a nation's currency or coinage.See Synonyms at financial
( W$ C4 X) G; ~' P( N5 g　　货币的，硬币的：国家货币或硬币的或与之有关的
　　例：The monetary system of certain countries used to be based on gold.
　　某些国家的货币制度过去一直是金本位的。
　　(3)ensure vt.to make sure or certain; insure:
, P4 l& p5 k+ U8 m+ d2 |1 |/ k　　使确信或肯定；保证
　　例：Our precautions ensured our safety.
　　我们的预防措施保证了我们的安全
　　(ensure)that…引导宾语从句。
　　(4)step n.one of a series of actions, processes, or measures taken to achieve a goal.步骤：一系列为达到某一目的的行动、过程或措施中的一环
　　to take steps采取步骤；采取措施
* R5 R6 o& T, T1 `& {, v* I4 T　　3.Central banks differ from commercial banks in many respects.中央银行与商业部银行在许多方面存在着差别。
( ]7 U1 r. ?$ H2 C, Y  q& x7 }　　(1)differ vi.（常与with连用）不同意；意见相左
9 y; T' G2 l6 \3 y5 ~( b  d　　例：They differ with each other as to the precise meaning of this article in the contract.
　　对于合同中这一条款的确切释义他们的看法互不一致。
+ G0 v0 W: D; P  i, S+ j* a5 {　　(2)respect n.a particular aspect, feature, or detail:某方面：某个方面、某种特征或细节
　　例：In many respects this is an important decision.
/ C/ E9 p( l) r7 h+ \# ~, o　　这在许多方面都是一项重要的决定
　　4.They(Central banks) do not aim to maximize profits, which is traditionally an objective of a commercial bank owned by shareholders (central banks are normally nationalized institutions). 中央银行的宗旨不是利润最大化，利润最大化历来是股份制商业银行的目标（中央银行一般是国家机关）。
1 o4 {; ^: ^2 C, |& g$ P  N* \　　(1)aim vi.①to determine a course决定；旨在：决定一个过程：
2 y4 b2 T0 g7 v* z( |% p　　例：aim for a better education.
　　力求良好的教育
　　②to propose to do something; intend打算；企图
　　(2)an objective of a commercial bank商业银行的经营目标
　　(3) maximize vt.to increase or make as great as possible:最大化：使增加（扩大）到最大限度
6 H, ^" y6 }- `+ U' X' B8 n　　(4)profit n.①an advantageous gain or return; benefit.得益：得利或回报；收益
　　②the return received on a business undertaking after all operating expenses have been met.利润：一笔生意中除去所有的运作费用后所得的回报
: M& f3 i1 L' N7 T- B0 R　　(5)(that is)owned by shareholders是后置定语，相当于一个定语从句，省略了that is。
, M5 L+ P, ?8 K; b: V　　5.They(Central banks) do not provide a full banking service for personal and commercial customers. 中央银行对个人及商业客户不提供全面的金融服务。
　　(1)full banking service全面的金融业务
　　full adj.complete in every particular:完全的，完整的
　　service n.work done for others as an occupation or a business:服务：作为职业或事业为他人服务
: P9 r+ f, y- b+ D4 u　　例：provide full catering service.
　　提供满意的服务