在市场经济中,一个能够调控买卖双方关系甚至调控生产资源分配的重要因素就是:; {, }. f9 `: r& H
Price 价格。
% T+ o8 [# }3 k( l- ?; z R 在这一讲中,我们就跟您谈谈价格和它的功能。
" y% G0 u" |5 E0 K8 f( i- X 价格可以说是一种能把买方和卖方联系在一起的机制。任何货物或服务都必须制定出买卖双方都能认可和接受的价格,才能保证现代的市场顺利运行。% ~: ~* q' d5 u
澳大利亚墨尔本莫纳什大学经济系主任福塞斯教授对价格做了这样的解释:
1 u. O8 F% F8 { We sometimes think of prices as being the equilibrating mechanism, to use an economist's jargon. We can all understand a situation whereby if prices are too high people go away, they'll just leave the market place. They won't be interested in buying.
5 W! L& `" c) ` Likewise if prices are too low, the sellers won't be prepared to sell. They'll simply take their prduce home.
9 Q$ K5 k! }/ y6 u5 w3 e. d; b% { And so prices adjust in markets so that we can get to a situation when people are reasonably satisfied and, essentially, what the sellers want to sell is more or less what the buyers want to buy in terms of quantity.
4 N4 C E. z9 Q5 \( s" L And so there is an equilibrium in the market.1 w8 h2 J, r9 ~+ D
Prices become the lever through which the quantities that people want to sell are equal to the quantities that people want to buy.[. E2 w) V+ P0 R) R, R' h
福塞斯教授提到了这样几个英文词汇:. f% m, H* g' s% A# E
1 equilibrating mechanism 平衡机制2 equilibrium 平衡,均衡3 jargon 行话4 adjust 调节,调整5 lever 杠杆,手段6 quantity 数量,总量9 k" c# `7 W, R, J& h
下面我们再分段听一下福塞斯教授讲话的原文及中文翻译:(英文略)
- ]. k' p8 B# ^ 福塞斯教授说,我们有时把价格看作是一种平衡机制,这是经济学家的行话。我们都知道在价格过高的情况下买主就会离开市场,对购买不感兴趣。 |