a我考网

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

扫一扫,访问微社区

查看: 119|回复: 0

[法语语法] 法语中名词单数变复数的6种变法

[复制链接]
发表于 2012-8-16 14:51:20 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  In French, a noun is always either singular or plural. It is usually introduced by a determiner, which reflects the number of the noun.
5 U( o( e6 b3 ?3 l  ★regular plural formation
" E  Y" ?; K/ a3 g/ J6 |( W  As in English, the plural is formed by adding an -s to the singular form of the noun. Note, however, that the -s is not pronounced. In spoken language, the determiner is often the only indication that a noun is singular or plural.
0 W0 [8 P% h9 s* p  Tex est un tatou. Tex et Tammy sont des tatous. Tex is an armadillo. Tex and Tammy are armadillos.  K6 s3 n6 w! N3 G1 `
  ★nouns ending in -s, -x, -z in the singular
8 K2 k: d# p% v7 e' S  Nouns ending in -s, -x, or -z do not change in the plural. For example:
+ j2 P! ~" Y. Y& Q  Tex a un long nez. Les tatous ont toujours de longs nez. Tex has a long nose. Armadillos always have long noses.
# N/ w; p9 n& o8 T  Joe-Bob est un écureuil. Les écureuils adorent les noix. Joe-Bob mange au moins une noix par jour. Joe-Bob is a squirrel. Squirrels adore nuts. Joe-Bob eats at least one nut every day.
2 S; _' l8 s$ B5 \: ]* y4 e/ J; S  Bette est une chatte. Les chats mangent des souris. Est-ce que Bette a jamais mangé une souris? Bette is a cat. Cats eat mice. Has Bette ever eaten a mouse?
# ?' N' N' k& |( @3 P8 [  ★nouns ending in -al, -ail, -au, -eu, -eau, -ou in the singular
6 G1 Y. s; D: {0 Q+ g  Nouns ending in -al, -ail, or -au in the singular end in -aux in the plural. For example:
: B) `+ w" }  M% Z/ W0 z, y  Edouard est un animal distingué。 Corey et Fiona ne sont pas des animaux, ce sont des insectes peu sociables! Edouard is a distinguished animal. Corey et Fiona are not animals. They are unsociable insects!
: j2 s+ W! P, `' G/ u" y% E  There are a few exceptions: un bal (ball, dance), des bals; un carnaval (carnival), des carnivals; un festival (festival), des festivals; un récital (recital), des récitals.
) Y; `+ N  _0 o" b  ★Nouns ending in -eu or -eau in the singular add -x in the plural. For example:
. J- V; T0 B4 I  Edouard n‘a pas un seul cheveu. Bien s?r, c’est un escargot! Mais Tammy a les cheveux longs. C‘est une tatou extraordinaire! Edouard does not have one single hair. Of course, he’s a snail. But Tammy has long hair. She‘s an extraordinary armadillo!: z, H& K) r, ^& D8 `# V  [
  ★Nouns ending in -ou end in -oux in the plural:( @7 [* p6 i1 w  b$ r! z
  un bijou (jewel), des bijoux, \4 [' {5 b5 s
  un caillou (stone, pebble), des cailloux
4 o% Q, K, @0 L0 ?( U  un chou (cabbage), des choux
9 {/ O- [, m* Q8 r, O4 p  x3 M  un genou (knee), des genoux
7 X( t1 c4 J) N# C; d8 {  un hibou (owl), des hiboux. s$ q& u' l; W* p! N( f% r
  un pou (louse), des poux% s7 k( [& b3 d3 V
  Exceptions include: un clou (nail), des clous; un sou (money), des sous; un trou (hole), des trous.
7 N4 r( @! J* N  ★irregular plurals9 Q- N5 H( r8 y/ H
  Some nouns have an alternate form in the plural:
7 ~. H& K7 c$ a  un oeil (eye), des yeux( @7 D% `* c; b3 u0 L. x# ~  A* W' W
  Madame (Madam), Mesdames; Z/ t) k7 J2 o* }2 M0 c7 e
  Monsieur (Sir), Messieurs
" i4 P: \  q. U, u' ~  Mademoiselle (Miss), Mesdemoiselles. ]$ U! N' r. A- e6 n
  Note that some nouns follow the regular rule of plural formation but are pronounced differently in the plural. For example, the -f is pronounced in the singular, but not in the plural. Listen:
, c: B3 i  X' S" }8 O% D0 ~& }+ ~  un oeuf (egg), des oeufs6 X# ^" e& j$ F8 u
  un boeuf (steer), des boeufs
. i. L, L$ t; s* ?' k# h. \% F  un os (bone), des os
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

Archiver|手机版|小黑屋|Woexam.Com ( 湘ICP备18023104号 )

GMT+8, 2024-9-30 02:26 , Processed in 0.162439 second(s), 21 queries .

Powered by Discuz! X3.4 Licensed

© 2001-2017 Comsenz Inc.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表