二、关于动词时态的几点说明
9 `0 J& d9 R0 L 1、一般不用进行时的动词,它们用一般现在时表示现在进行时
. q+ b4 C1 {- ~4 ^" g! g6 i (1)表示心理状态的词:accept, agree, allow, believe, care, dislike, fear, forget, hate, know, like, love, mean, mind, need, prefer, realize, remember, respect, understand, want, wish等。还有 admit, decide, permit, promise, receive, refuse等。
8 c+ B- b7 }+ Y0 ^3 A$ ^8 ` I accept what you say. 我接受你说的话。5 c- ?" x9 y' z6 U. k, k7 X8 z$ F
I don’t agree to this proposal. 我不同意这个建议。
9 o- X+ B7 T; J" d7 y (2)感官动词和表示状态的动词一般不用进行时。系动词:如hear, look, notice, see, smell, sound, taste等词。表示状态的词:be, belong to, exist, have, remain, seem, stay等词。例如:& G, } T5 b- v8 D9 P- Q5 j
I see him now; he’s talking to a girl. 我看见他了,他正在和一个女孩说话。6 D& t0 ^, }( b% E6 G( m, g) N, z
The warships belong to the navy and the tanks belong to the army. 军舰属于海军,坦克属于陆军。8 L7 e$ D2 T T7 H
The tea tastes fresh. 这茶味道很新鲜。- P' @& \# D, J0 J7 r% E% q$ p
It sounds strange, but it is true. 听起来很奇怪,但这是真的。( ~( P6 }$ o' J: H: Y
2、下列句型常用一般现在时表示现在进行时" ^, h8 D4 I$ W- {/ B" P y
Here/There+动词+名词主语:
& ], N) k6 v3 P# `! H5 ]3 n Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了。4 P% k! N; _* O- r. A! _
There goes the bell. 铃声响了。" u* C7 N2 M: W
Here/There+代词主语+动词:' {4 U& f' |3 B9 t! _* o; N& \% v
Here he comes! 他来了!# t7 G; U, r+ V& y2 | W! `
There he goes! 他走了!
( |+ J2 I* a8 r. [2 Z/ c. B 在make sure (certain) 后面的从句常用现在时表示将来时:
Y! N1 c0 A, U' e There aren’t many seats left for the concert; you’d better make sure that you get one today. 这场音乐会剩下的座位不多了,你最好今天订妥一个位子。
% ^ k! I! m x* { I’m leaving now。 -Make sure you lock the window. 我现在走了。 你务必把窗户关上。
8 R: W8 c! `1 F; d6 p; H; W 3、将来时常用的表达方式( L8 x0 o- I6 |7 t( Y: ~% v
(1)单纯将来时用shall/will+动词原形表示。如: X n: x5 y) D E
I shall be twenty years old next year. 明年我就二十岁了。$ ^$ t7 A6 ^0 ? U6 E" Q9 F
Tomorrow will be September 10th. 明天是九月十号。
' H: h2 B1 Z3 s2 o; N (2)“be going to +动词原型 ”这种形式用于人时表示打算,意图,也表示说话者确信无疑;用于物时表示可能或必然性。3 n( R4 R: i2 }% x0 P7 e: t
They are going to get married in July. 他们打算七月份结婚。
, Z" w6 x) D0 u* l) ~7 d: S: Z Mr. Brown says he is going to buy a new car next year. Brown 先生说他们打算明年买辆新车。( ], X! a6 M/ R' L8 c- Q9 K9 A
His wife is going to have a baby. 他妻子要生小孩子了。: \6 k+ s! g) P3 o3 C
There is going to be a storm. 将有一场暴风雨。/ r8 q7 i/ R$ F9 S9 D# P5 b2 \) D
Look!It’s going to snow. 看,要下雪了。+ c9 L+ N* s$ {2 t7 N9 }4 w
(3)“be to +动词原形 ”表示命令,安排,疑问句中表示征求意见。例如: |. S: N0 [- W6 u
You are to clean the window. 你要擦窗。
1 y: F$ G$ {5 z2 u2 g! o4 F) \ The President is to arrive in Rome at three o’clock this afternoon. 总统今天下午三点到达罗马。3 A0 l1 F: s4 q8 A0 k
Am I to set to work? 要着手工作吗?: B( K3 X e8 w3 [ U9 ?+ ?
Is he to leave/come, too。 要他也走/来吗?
# D5 u' w1 [( [& K* V; R, f& j (4)“be about to +动词原形 ”表示即刻就要发生的动作。例如:
. F4 Z' i0 l* A They are about to go out when it begins to snow. 他们正出去的时候开始下雪了.* c. K7 B/ U" T' @! o
The ship is about to sail。 船要扬帆起航了。 |