It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city.3 f6 v4 R. v5 s2 N2 J7 e0 a0 f5 w
这个城市夏天经常下雨,冬天经常下雪。, c0 \) Y! j3 i6 l9 v
4.it指距离、情况等。一般用作无人称动词的主语。
' L; o: ~4 M/ B* @4 c 例如:( V1 S% L/ r$ J7 r) p7 @( H
It is five kilometers from my home to the school.
^! N7 S; d5 `8 S1 K 从我家到学校有五公里。
) l4 \/ j# W+ x i# n) B It is very near from this factory to that one.
. b" T; `0 ?+ O. l& J" R- i: L 从这个工厂到那个工厂非常近。2 Q, ~1 F, k) A7 l4 W& [; A# x
It is a long way to the sea. 离海很远。
* g$ e* j2 E8 g5 f) E) G7 Z! ` Is it well with you? 你身体好吗?
, v; g# ]. [/ M6 @, F G D 二、it作形式主语6 O+ C( [ b& l8 f" t
动词不定式、动名词短语起、从句在句子中起主语作用,而这一部分用词较多时,可以用it作为形式主语,放在句首代表其后所说的事实上的、真正的主语,而把真正的主语放在后面。* [0 o% u. ?! [! z {# [
1.It +谓语+动词不定式。It 作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。3 C/ d0 ^5 \" H8 R9 o" i
例如:: A! G9 g; O, U; l' \' K
It is difficult to climb a mountain. 爬山是很艰难的。
) P1 {9 z+ Q$ i' Z" A# X) f/ W It’s a good habit to do morning exercises. 作早操是个好习惯。
' \" _- e. _+ P8 R9 I1 I2 ?8 E6 Q It’s important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language. 在学习外语时适当地做一些有助于记忆的练习是很重要的。& J* A. O& j* O. k
It is right to do so. 这样做是对的。9 W$ Z0 @/ ^9 q- U6 c
2.It+谓语+动名词短语。It 作形式主语,动名词短语作真正的主语。
9 s0 H/ m1 J' k% B* B6 u% \2 G 例如:
1 o! F* d+ q9 n2 f. X' o It is dangerous playing with fire. 玩火是危险的。7 t. ? y! a8 P& k
It is no use learning without thinking. 学而不思则罔。* e9 z: _/ A0 |+ A
It’s useless arguing with a silly boy. 和笨孩子争论是没有用的。
6 c! p7 P4 @5 A: w2 B) L% I, ~ 3.It +谓语+名词性从句。It 作形式主语,以that 引导的名词性从句是真正的主语。8 O4 d- U0 k0 y4 B
例如:/ V" A& J4 L/ a+ N
It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film.! @% p" _$ @& d: U$ @5 z
你没看这么好的电影,真可惜。/ @1 [( k- Q3 f! o; L
It is certain that we shall succeed. 我们一定会成功。" @: x: f/ m; [
It is strange that nobody knows where he lives.9 X6 l$ ~" P% @. \. P5 h& z$ V' l
真奇怪,谁也不知道他住在哪里。
, }) I+ {. S2 M7 Z3 x (It is strange that…后面可用虚拟语气。
8 ~0 }2 }( n2 u 如:It is strange that he should have made such a mistake.+ Z7 V0 G. e% R0 j- x
他居然犯了这样一个错误,真奇怪。
2 f; O3 j6 q: f$ ~9 M9 f/ n It is strange that nobody should know where he lives.% u0 {4 i' B) p/ I3 J- F
居然没有人知道他住在哪里,真奇怪。)
& T5 E2 d Z. T' Y$ _5 ` It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning.+ D% R" P2 @( T3 ~( [( f; J; ~
据说飞机明天上午十点起飞。 |