简洁是活力的副产品。如果我们能用简练的句子表达思维，文章就必然会充满活力，令人读后印象深刻。反之，冗长的句式和呆板的词语会使一篇内容不错的文章变得死气沉沉，暗然失色。. w+ E9 S- d2 j+ l* C5 q
英语也不例外。例如有人用了25个字写了一句攻击学院运动商业化的话：
' }3 Z* j5 @! B- s# X' B The people attacked the practice of making great profits out of college sports from the fact that it had a detrimental influence on college students.
0 j2 b# `! L8 x; L+ G 多啰唆啊！这句话用心良苦，但是言不简意不赅，可以简化如下：
' j) H! u0 j7 C0 u) | The people attacked commercialisation of college sports as detrimental to students.( W7 Z2 P# o* ^5 b; p8 M% W7 `
怎样使篇章简短，笔调清新，是件说来话长的事，容后再谈。这里只提出一样使句子简短生动的方法；那就是多多利用状态副词（Adverbs of Manner）以取代状态副词短语（Adverb Phrases of Manner）。
& z1 n& l$ x6 s. o4 ], Z: \# g 试比较下列六组句子：①a—⑥a各有个状态副词短语；①b—⑥b各有个状态副词（即有-ly的副词）。* U: ?& y( Q. i: R
①a. As an enthusiastic reader, Peter read many books without paying attention to their differences in quality or subject matter.
- {$ L8 @) p3 N( n b. As an enthusiastic reader, Peter read many books indiscriminately（不作选择地）3 `- ^! ]% J, M2 \- o
②a. Good staff performed their tasks with great care and strong sense of responsibility.; _- T8 S# X3 V& u/ |% _
b. Good staff performed their tasks conscientiously.（诚心诚意地）
' W0 [) Q: |# P3 ?2 W ③a. A cheque of million dollars was sent to the Kidney Research Centre without indicating the name of the donor.
) W6 S3 E0 o, i3 b b. A cheque of million dollars was anonymously donated to the Kidney Research Centre.（匿名地）
) o0 q6 u* U$ C2 Q. T) n- s# K ④a. The pharmacist, through an oversight, made a mistake in the prescription. s* {# J8 Q* h8 s
b. The pharmacist inadvertently made a mistake in the prescription.（不经心地）
5 O* D# ?; o8 I; L4 R ⑤a. The new encyclopedia, published regardless of expenses, is now available at a reduced price.& ]+ h+ I* O& [7 ]% v
b. The new encyclopedia, lavishly published, is now available at a reduced price. C( k: G+ d% H7 y! I
⑥a. When we read the annual report,we were impressed by the content presented in simple words and sentences.
$ _. y9 E5 Z, B P g) W b. When we read the annual report, we were impressed by its concisely presented content. ]% K0 A9 }6 F7 X! A7 a+ n) k5 H! m' H
从上述六组句子看，很明显的，状态副词比状态副词短语简洁有力，活泼可爱，说话或写文章时，应该多多采用才是。 |
发表于 2012-8-14 00:30:10
