2011英语四级语法讲义大全：状语从句二

会计考友

种类
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9 z9 z. U6 {& ?( ~0 _例          句
说   明
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时
until
9 T3 Y6 k) H4 q5 T/ @" r( n: JShe didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock .
她到11点钟才停止工作。
Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.
: {, {" l5 \) a& G她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。
2 O1 e3 f' [  E9 e如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直…才”“在…以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，一般用until
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间

状
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as soon as

Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
. z+ O' [1 P5 Q% Q1 T' h3 Z6 y7 N自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。
% v  P6 O. ]- y7 Z! h' DAs soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。
状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。
% n$ h1 y* k4 s, W$ m+ S语
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句
" e! U  ?4 m) C  Uhardly…when

no sooner…than

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.
我们刚到车站，火车就走了。
9 X, W6 ]6 W2 cHardly had we begun when we were told to stop.
6 z! d- w/ I! g4 h1 [( J/ B/ |$ Y我们刚开始就被叫停。
hardly…when和no sooner…than的意义相当于as soon as,但只表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly或no sooner位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。
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every time, by the time, the moment
/ m& O9 i" `1 _7 g* m  k4 x0 o等
Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.
' J9 s2 K; d) d6 T9 ]6 a) z我每次乘船都晕船。
. m* H9 i! J. ?' e8 t0 ?9 X: sThe moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.
% t1 n% y$ X; I/ g1 j我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。
* c  T" `1 b: Y! yNext time you come ,you’ll see him.
6 A: B( s- s5 s2 K4 J6 p下次你来的时候，就会见到他。
! p/ j2 X- e& v/ }- T1 M& l$ c在时间状语从句中，不能用将来时或过去将来时，而要用现在时或过去时代替将来时。
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点
状
语
从
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9 r9 e3 s$ w3 q! I4 l1 Hwhere

wherever
4 z' M  O4 ^$ b' T2 [8 z& @# [Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
  Q! e. n2 k. X$ tWhere there is water there is life.
' g7 c1 e8 B  h' L' {哪里有水，哪里就有生命。
; F1 T" f6 E! O/ s+ r+ J4 eYou are free to go wherever you like.
你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。
+ a. c3 Z0 V9 f  w# \0 `Wherever you go, you must obey the law.
' ?! h( W9 ^2 U* K无论你去哪都要遵守法律。
where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。