2012英语四级语法讲义大全：非谓语动词四

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3）作宾语：
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如：
Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
% }. q' ~$ r4 I& a/ o动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如：
! M+ U* @. F7 q5 w2 mI have no choice but to stay here.
4 Q, K9 @( S3 v% A% K: H; VHe did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.
动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：
* p0 p+ W5 Y# f. B" ~" bHe gave us some advice on how to learn English.
4）作宾语补足语：
在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语: want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
3 s5 M9 E0 `  x7 O) _! d8 @此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：
With a lot of work to do, he didn’t go to the cinema.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如：
I saw him cross the road.
. ~' N5 X" C6 \0 j5 s+ }0 o/ w" dHe was seen to cross the road.
! I; n( Q' p6 F( i# i" e5）作定语：
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：

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A）动宾关系：</p>I have a meeting to attend.
$ ]! L# h; w% \( K5 V' D注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如：
He found a good house to live in.
# D, G* X7 |, L/ bThe child has nothing to worry about.
What did you open it with?
! ~0 E4 f  K' `% O) c3 I如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：
' w" K* H3 E  r  `4 \; OHe has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out this problem.
如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：
Have you got anything to sent?
5 }" K" k; y  K5 A8 j- B0 d' qHave you got anything to be sent?
B）说明所修饰名词的内容：
We have made a plan to finish the work.
7 _. U) k5 t' v4 |6 tC）被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：
He is the first to get here.