2012大学英语四级词汇记忆(权威版)07
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非谓语动词与独立主格:短语,句子(或者句子,短语)
! s' t. t# b. T# k: Z3 A+ {2 r1 }& e 1.当短语部分有独立主语,并且该主语不同于句子主语,这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。) u' W& ?5 i, o$ h8 ~
独立主格的结构1:名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词]
; y$ j3 D* m) T& o$ l0 b2 k 现在分词表示主动的,正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的,已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词,而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。
2 T- `% a4 v9 ?1 K" E. I 2. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.
( ^- F& F& Y; Q: ^+ z X: |5 A A followed B following C to follow D being followed# }8 ^' ?2 t3 C" f$ R. @" r% }
3. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.* c1 U) i) ~2 a- p5 o$ ]3 S
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
D+ L; N% q7 u$ p call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。
- [4 n: q$ T! F! a& F4 F 独立主格的结构2:with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语]中华考试网(www.Examw。com)
2 u! u- F1 l! q8 f4 a) v! X- e& Z4 p 4. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.% O) S3 ~3 F# G" n
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged7 u) V, v1 o* C" }, J
as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。- \6 G( ^8 {/ |+ d7 w1 b
动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励;5 F7 h1 y8 r: O! ?9 y0 H
been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了,与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励 |