2012大学英语四级词汇记忆（权威版）04 # `! ^( j( f: v: B3 ~5 D4 N/ ^非谓语动词与独立主格：短语，句子(或者句子，短语)& b/ {5 y+ ?2 N) _+ W
1.当短语部分有独立主语，并且该主语不同于句子主语，这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。 1 {; S' |$ W5 w z7 L. A 独立主格的结构1：名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词] * m7 [/ ^' H4 d2 P8 H; K 现在分词表示主动的，正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的，已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词，而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。5 k4 U5 F4 `+ V M7 B3 }# V
2. Silver is the best conductor of electricity， copper _B_ it closely. q; c7 _0 C% ]6 I! h( L1 R+ ? A followed B following C to follow D being followedwｗw.ExamＷ.CoM : |( F* r; K1 h X9 S; o 3. All things _A_， the planned trip will have to be called off.$ ] O3 |& H7 n' C1 F9 w; \
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered* h9 Q* w" N/ J g' @/ c7 B P
call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。+ x6 U9 _! D4 G7 P' D
独立主格的结构2：with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语]% }+ v' z' R0 J' s+ w6 \
4. After the Arab states won independence， great emphasis was laid on expandingeducation， with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.9 [/ r. q# R1 E
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged 9 [* ?" y, }. ?% X3 T( X D as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。8 @7 ~* r% b/ @6 Q0 a
动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励; 6 ]5 N1 @ b* G$ n' n been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了，与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励
发表于 2012-8-14 00:34:20
