Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?# Z/ f& y: U/ u, s- v: H/ I+ s
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.$ u' w# N! r2 b8 t! o2 ^: z
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
- x$ \% N4 w% R \8 h( ?& l3 m# s [A]skill
" E6 _4 I; x+ I, d" _ [B]popular1 p: v, y9 h7 i1 {' P6 p# l
[C]get
! L6 v; T* m% l0 c0 H [D]change
5 V! i# O0 u- _# ] [E]similarly! O e: f, d7 n# I+ f! R
[F]professional
4 W- ~$ M8 E P- p5 r# q5 \. G [G]character6 A1 b+ j/ X4 Y+ q/ J! s) q
[H]individuality
9 }. ]; Z0 @2 v3 K6 W [I]inspire3 z2 S6 T2 t1 X0 o6 B1 k2 X9 C
[J]differently
# U* {1 y* y6 t' [4 ]; q [K]expect
: Y" }/ v4 p, G$ v1 F7 q! ` [L]practical
+ n: x2 m/ b5 C, a/ h$ m$ D [M]recall( q& f4 U7 b2 N) Z
[N]lose% h% P& J" Q+ s; U
[O]ordinary
; E% l# c$ z0 l& e, _ ANSWERS:) P: t9 R) n0 G" V; F
1.选B)。从文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项B)popular符合原文意思。选项中的professional“职业的”、practical“实用的”和ordinary“普通的,平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。
& Q9 @" v, g# ?) A6 H; b 2.选F)。此处应填形容词。从more...than civilian clothes可知,此处要填的形容词意思与civilian相对,说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有professional“职业的”和civilian相对的,故F)正确。而pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian对应,故排除。
' \- F: v. G( i3 ?+ k 3.选K)。由be conditioned to do sth.“习惯于”可知,此处应填动词原形。从前面的look more“看起来更...”和后面的tend to“倾向于”可知,这段要说明的是人们的主观印象,应填入表示“期望(得到)”的单词,只有K)expect符合原文语气。选项中get“得到”与上下文的语气不符合。! }3 m3 w& q" c5 O' v+ U2 y& L* Y
4.选I)。此处应填动词原形。从原文中“人们习惯...从穿制服的人那儿得到优质服务。”可知,人们更信任穿制服的人,即制服能使人产生信任感。选项中的动词原形中只有inspire“使产生”符合文章。
, G4 ]7 U' d D$ d 5.选A)。此处应填名词。前面两句表达了人们对穿制服的人更加信任的意思,那么对于garage mechanic“汽车修理工”来说,人们信任的是它的技术,而不是人品,故选项中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
7 k$ b0 w5 F$ v( e# v9 f/ Y3 ?/ c 6.选N)。此处应填动词。...step out of uniform“脱掉制服”是对护士、警察等来说是......职业身份的很简单的方式。脱下制服就是失去了职业身份,由此可以推知此处应填N)lose。
$ C) I& \6 k( b, T+ B, i 7.选L)。此处应填形容词,说明制服的其他有点。从下文“...节省购买其他衣服的开销,节省洗衣费用,比便服更舒适也更耐穿”可知,制服除了增加信任感还有实际的优点。选项中的pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”,很明显L)pratical符合原文意思。
4 J2 L/ s' X8 i0 K+ m9 ~) C: [ 8.选H)。此处应填名词。文章手段就说“美国人为自己的多元化和个性化感到高傲无比,然而他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,其中包含制服使他们失去自己的个性的意思,那么联系第一段,此处指出的制服的缺点即为失去个性,故选项H)individuality正确。individuality强调与他人特点的区别,而character指的是个人特定的内在本质。
. i- Z( O5 s1 h8 q 9.选D)。此处应填名词。前面说制服让人失去了个性,虽然有很多种制服,但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服,所有是没有变化的,故此处应填change,故D)正确。
$ Q" Q) y9 C/ E5 S7 K 10.选E)。此处应填副词,修饰动词act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...,说明此处填的词和alike意思相近。选项种副词有similarly和differently,很明显,E)similarly与alike意思相近,故选E)。% f- K7 e% _% w5 e0 u
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