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[四级阅读] 2010年英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(11)

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发表于 2012-8-14 10:00:37 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
 Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
( f* w( g  q" C  M) M  Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
. {# T! n# c5 V9 I9 q5 m) n$ g  Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
  a4 ]0 L6 A( i5 O& z  [A]skill
, r( f) ^, F! C! _1 k  [B]popular
, F5 Q" Q: _. f* ?/ h: J  [C]get
* ^# M4 _" x4 d0 v: }  [D]change
* o8 t% G! b, G- q$ X4 X  [E]similarly
" P. W$ `' `1 b, Y+ C9 x9 b  [F]professional
9 t7 e! y" t$ M, y! j2 q& j! L' x  [G]character
# |# u( ]1 t1 C4 y6 j  [H]individuality
# f2 Z4 G" y- q3 b0 J. }9 ]2 W4 J  [I]inspire. Z0 ]. [6 o3 T6 b* e* J9 O4 E
  [J]differently4 D" d7 o( B! V5 A4 h
  [K]expect- i' l& o/ e3 o( o' Y0 F9 E
  [L]practical
+ \* s. r% B5 G/ \  [M]recall
- b8 g5 |1 B8 Q  [N]lose
( c+ Z+ u7 u; `9 X7 @7 v  [O]ordinary+ f1 b$ `6 x* h! K$ T
  ANSWERS:7 g$ h# a" B( v4 C
  1.选B)。从文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项B)popular符合原文意思。选项中的professional“职业的”、practical“实用的”和ordinary“普通的,平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。: @- N$ H5 o: R/ Z: |; z' T
  2.选F)。此处应填形容词。从more...than civilian clothes可知,此处要填的形容词意思与civilian相对,说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有professional“职业的”和civilian相对的,故F)正确。而pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian对应,故排除。
; Y% E6 z. K+ G  ]  3.选K)。由be conditioned to do sth.“习惯于”可知,此处应填动词原形。从前面的look more“看起来更...”和后面的tend to“倾向于”可知,这段要说明的是人们的主观印象,应填入表示“期望(得到)”的单词,只有K)expect符合原文语气。选项中get“得到”与上下文的语气不符合。! x% q& I' Z  _
  4.选I)。此处应填动词原形。从原文中“人们习惯...从穿制服的人那儿得到优质服务。”可知,人们更信任穿制服的人,即制服能使人产生信任感。选项中的动词原形中只有inspire“使产生”符合文章。
! f% F; o8 q: H( z3 t. i! C& E) ~  5.选A)。此处应填名词。前面两句表达了人们对穿制服的人更加信任的意思,那么对于garage mechanic“汽车修理工”来说,人们信任的是它的技术,而不是人品,故选项中只有A)skill符合原文意思。: R1 X4 l8 T5 f' ~1 H5 \
  6.选N)。此处应填动词。...step out of uniform“脱掉制服”是对护士、警察等来说是......职业身份的很简单的方式。脱下制服就是失去了职业身份,由此可以推知此处应填N)lose。1 X9 h& o2 ^. b7 q) x  W
  7.选L)。此处应填形容词,说明制服的其他有点。从下文“...节省购买其他衣服的开销,节省洗衣费用,比便服更舒适也更耐穿”可知,制服除了增加信任感还有实际的优点。选项中的pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”,很明显L)pratical符合原文意思。
' n" `" t& B7 M- [+ }* l$ ~- n  8.选H)。此处应填名词。文章手段就说“美国人为自己的多元化和个性化感到高傲无比,然而他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,其中包含制服使他们失去自己的个性的意思,那么联系第一段,此处指出的制服的缺点即为失去个性,故选项H)individuality正确。individuality强调与他人特点的区别,而character指的是个人特定的内在本质。! ?% y8 R! l% y2 W: O0 q
  9.选D)。此处应填名词。前面说制服让人失去了个性,虽然有很多种制服,但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服,所有是没有变化的,故此处应填change,故D)正确。8 o, G. k0 Z7 j6 h$ a
  10.选E)。此处应填副词,修饰动词act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...,说明此处填的词和alike意思相近。选项种副词有similarly和differently,很明显,E)similarly与alike意思相近,故选E)。
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