A growing world population and the discoveries of science may __11__ this pattern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; and in __12__ the population of the world is __13__ increasing. In 1925 there were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.
$ H& S/ t) A. P2 t7 x/ l When numbers rise the 14 mouths must be fed. New lands must be I bought under cultivation, or land already farmed made to __15__ larger crops. In some areas the accessible land is largely so intensively __16__ that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too __17__ to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a larger part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern methods.
' T0 J% T5 S+ W, e3 \) t There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the __18__ of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in __19 __climates; irrigation and dry-farming methods bring poor lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to __20__ water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit particular soils; aero planes spray crops to destroy insects and many plant diseases.- o: g3 A. s6 `9 g5 r: Q
A. ensure B. violently C. alter D. harmful- ?+ D/ c. i0 v" _' D& B
E. cultivated F. unique G. transplanted H. yield2 \/ q) K6 P; F
I. consequence J. output K. extra L. steadily6 F# g5 G% g8 ?! s6 c0 B1 k: F
M. tiny N. unfavorable O. produce8 Y! u4 o& q7 U/ W$ `
The process of perceiving others is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. "She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt. " More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint (强调 ) his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly—perhaps with a two-second glance.% C2 ^: A$ l! f- u( M3 y( Q
We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for, deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli (刺激因素) , asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person—question, self-disclosures, and so on." O- {: e! G% z
Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well(e. g. secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e. g. disclosures and truthful statement).
. c/ q5 u8 U& v) Z 21. According to the passage, if we perceive a person, we are likely to be interested in
! u+ g6 x) E5 q$ U A. what he wears B. how tall he is
. w+ ^ R8 s* i1 w" O; B; ~ C. how happy he is D. what color he dyes his hair
1 q: Y; m& ^1 P$ d3 x) p 22. Some people are often surprised by what other people do. According to Berger, that is mainly because_______. |
发表于 2012-8-14 10:00:37
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