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[专四辅导] 高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解5

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发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:45 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  关于dare的意义和用法3 \3 G2 ~! x* a- d9 x5 j0 p
  作为情态动词表示“胆敢”,dare通常只用于否定陈述句和疑问句。例如:9 }/ E( u3 \, y& N1 g
  I dare not go there./ d# g" E: t4 Q" R
  How dare he say such rude things about me?
# D2 v( V% A3 y  dare作为情态助动词没有过去式形式,其否定式为daren’t,既可指现在时间,也可指过去时间。例如:8 R* y7 h5 d" {9 D% C
  Tom wanted to come, but he daren’t.6 Y8 N, G! e! C" M5 d
  dare还可用主动词,随后的不定式可带to,也可不带to。例如:
( W+ Q! @4 ]4 c+ t! p% Z  He does not dare (to) answer.; k3 e% M8 W" t. {  f0 z0 Q4 A' S
  Does she dare (to) go there alone?
' N1 D) x4 v1 g" L1 F' S7 h' @/ a  近义词辨析$ k4 K$ n8 T9 f; S$ q
  besides, but, except, except for! S9 w# Z3 c/ h! ^
  这组词均含有“除…外”的意思。
& D& u1 B' \# z) }& t  besides+ l0 _7 D5 O# M/ N  @& P" h" q# R
  “除…外,还有…”,指更进一步的拥有,包括所“除”事物在内。
, Y/ h0 c1 C6 h/ t; K1 b6 c  Have you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗?
  d: S9 T+ V9 g7 h  but( `+ k1 X1 q: D$ P- _. ~7 h/ d
  不包括所引事物在内,多与nothing, not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anybody等连用。
" z  X% V8 A6 e. ?  He has nobody but himself to blame for that.那件事他没法指责别人,只能怪他自己。
. n4 n) k6 j: B  except
" f% _: {+ `' D& d2 ~! Z& x- |  不包括所引事物。常与no, none, nothing等否定词或all,everyone, everything等连用,但不可用于句首。
6 C  p2 t  ]; d& P0 g8 s  They all went to the Summer Palace except one.除一人之外他们都去了颐和园。
* [$ x# X8 @! I4 V) w' j  except for) R- w+ _* o; H* N' P9 u
  常指除去所引情况让人稍感遗憾之外,整体情况尚属理想,被除去的事物与正在谈及的事物之间不具有共同属性或性质。, h5 G& }5 }. f! u: m* M2 W
  The roads were clear except for a few cars.除几辆小汽车外,路面很空旷。( ?" Q% E  n) v
  # U  {/ Z7 B- }! s! N2 ]0 x; N% D
  全真模拟试题2 i9 `; q) N5 T- v& {  K3 c
  1. The bank is reported in the local newsp3 K6 u6 D  m3 |/ Q+ X2 K
  aper ____ in broad daylight yesterday.- |( U2 M( T+ E( M' Q2 z, G* h
  A. to be robbed    B. robbed   % K6 F# |4 q, [$ e. {1 G
  C. to have been robbed   D. having been robbed
2 C& F+ r7 _1 E7 X  2. ____ before, his first performance for the amateur
: A/ u* W+ o+ U$ o, O# _# z' \  dramatic group was a success." J; S. @" `1 x- M7 s6 x4 r
  A. Though having never acted  " t* u: F9 N+ f+ l
  B. As he had never acted  * j0 |0 `7 g" |1 h$ q' L
  C. Despite he had never acted  6 C9 c+ ~1 A$ t7 F9 z0 e3 |
  D. In spite of his never having acted+ j# c4 _' s% P3 C3 q1 S
  3. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world’s
% ]* ]/ g6 r% f  J* V7 \, u  population ____ in cities rather than in the country.
1 f$ W3 z, P$ b4 f  A. are living   B. will be living 7 a) ^4 r7 m. u! a5 E/ y
  C. have lived   D.  will have lived
. @# Q5 N% L" N8 j  4. Mr. Milton prefers to resign ____ part in such dish" H5 _' @! ?, m, x. v9 f! l: m0 w
  onest business deals.6 c! I2 ?/ D& r! U5 Z
  A. than take B.  than to take   
! J* v3 D# H( _' T  C. rather than take   D. rather than to take; K/ f; U0 U, {
  5. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ____ going on in the world.+ v: I7 t( K4 `! p! o
  A. it is  B.  as is     C.  there is     D.  what is
1 h9 |9 K4 E# Z; b  6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ______ a sudden loud noise.
  I9 j; d9 C# ~- _1 z  A. being there   B.  should there be  
7 u# ?0 x; C. Y( R  C.  there was    D. there have been
% V( D1 Q# U3 o! m1 Y  7. Bit by bit , a child makes the necessary changes to make his language ____.3 _  `/ v( ?. [  f: z: U
  A. as other people   B.  as other people’s  
% g1 _5 A- f  g- B  C.  like other people    D.  like other people’s
8 ?/ b, i- L) U1 f& Z# U, y  8.  Clothing made of plastic fibres has certain advantages over ____
* u0 v+ x6 T* x" H; r5 ?  made of natural fibres like cotton, wool, or silk.
3 C) B8 `  `9 i% O: e. I' i7 n2 X! C0 W* l7 i- x
  A. one     B.  the one     C.   that     D.  what
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:46 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解5

  9.  The treasury issued an order stating that ____ lan</p>  d purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver.
7 m  X# C- I4 A. p# e1 f  A. henceforth    B.  moreover    C. whereby    D.  however
0 Q% b+ e  \  t5 e4 m: [, Y  10.  The students expected there ____ more reviewing c8 U2 D1 S4 b( H( m9 D$ ]4 H
  lasses before the final exams.
; w, O1 u0 I( m6 K! z  A. is     B.  being    C. have been     D.  to be! v* j4 y  Z1 A/ ~5 U
  11. It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work t2 N4 M! m+ ]8 U$ d, W5 B0 f
  hat ____ into hard currency.
) [- b- Z1 P4 ^  x0 l' t) p6 u  A. translates    B. transfers  
9 N% u0 [! E! q  H4 D7 b! A  C. transplants   D. transmits
* B: o4 k' e4 I' {. p5 R3 g  12.  In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ____* B# ^5 l, \. ]5 s9 T
  or may give you a choice of topics to write about.
+ W: q3 }3 }. \+ ]1 a' g  A. in advance     B. ahead of     C. above all  D. right away- I" P. n4 D4 J& `
  
3 n2 @: [  W2 o- {+ G  13.  It was the driver’s ____ that caused him to step
1 {7 F5 ?$ N" H  on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb.
  T5 g# Q' p" C) j4 c; I  A. fraud     B. alarm    C. terror    D. panic
5 _2 h/ ^6 O" U9 D  14.  Danny left this ____ message on my answering mach
6 o3 N- k4 s" x/ P/ P; C, [' k: D  ine:
* J; A( `( ^. D! f: {  “I must see you. Meet me at twelve o’clock.” Did he mean noon or midnight?
# `2 |6 ?' m) ]" E: i4 F  A. ambiguous   B.  responsible9 v: r/ {" n; ]: `  b4 s
  C. implicit   D. thoughtful
" F8 d6 z; I* A* l3 R1 p* M3 _  15.  We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all ____
& z) a1 y- G8 y/ L  A.  reserved for    B. engaged in  + y, w2 h! J) ~7 E" V
  C. used up   D. taken up. ?7 @4 `$ j/ ~' e- ]6 Z
  16.   She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she can’t ____ this loud noise any longer./ {- a! N. f# O
  A. come up with    B. catch up with  $ d, u2 D1 R) ?- }% U
  C. keep up with   D. put up with/ n: l/ W; q" y3 J& [4 ~2 a% L& i
  17.  Tom ____ his new job with confidence.8 Y4 J, {5 M) j8 s' [
  A. set out     B. set off    C. set up     D. set about( C. k( H% {* h. S  b: Z: D+ k
  18.  The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speed ____ 
3 v: y0 V# v& o/ U& J- U  A. range    B. limit    C. rule    D. regulation  o% {8 C6 r  Z# }4 Z& W+ W# s
  19.  The crippled Jack proudly walked with a ____ to t
: H3 I! L( H& t4 r3 E! K- Q3 {  he platform to join the children.
2 c1 G/ {& y3 t0 r: F  M  A. jump  B. limp     C. hop    D. jog5 ]/ f! b+ w4 ?4 F: k. T2 `
  20.  He cannot ____ a car, for he does not earn much m
/ q) e* y5 P& E& k: ~  oney.
: s' E- y. I- A; R. Y3 i  A. obtain     B. afford    C. donate     D. consume
7 |/ r# k* T" d' C, T' t  21.  The message is clear: Just as tea and banana cant’t go together, ______ sho" `' o% v5 W0 {4 e* x
  uld the son of a lowclass family expect to marry the daughter of a nobleman.7 j9 |6 N, `- s- z
  A. either     B.  not    C. neither    D. nor" N1 V( B- o' O& @  _
  22.  Though ____ rich, she was better off than at any
$ V$ b+ ]6 [( {' E1 h9 c9 W  other period in her life.
( P2 ?/ f7 `: X1 Y$ V7 |- Y( R  A. by means of    B. within her means  
1 r$ R& w. F$ Q9 U" W  C. by all means   D. by no means
- v& {; D* ]' ]' x# Y  23.  It is a(n) ____ attitude to take towards life.
1 M  L/ X( ?7 t) O  A. absurd     B. silly    C. stupid     D. authentic6 y. Q( Q. F- M7 b. U4 @/ Z
  24.  Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that ____ one year of college.; G" \+ N0 Q) ~/ V6 k2 U, n0 E- u
  A. improves     B. subsidizes    C. obliges    D. inflicts% C4 ?5 z3 Z, w# E9 K5 `
  25.  He wrote the book in ____ with his wife.
" ^# z# k0 H+ r) `  A. proportion    B. installment   
) r) S1 Z! e. P) ]# ]7 F) y9 ]7 l1 R& R7 z
  C. correspondence D. collaboration
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:47 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解5

  试题答案与解析  </p>  1. C)   【句意】  据当地报纸报道,那家银行昨
9 w' z  H& k! E# t! @  天在光天化日下遭到抢劫。
0 f6 q! G8 N7 F! K( A  【难点】  动词不定式的完成式做主语的补足语,说明不定式的行为发生在/ d2 ^4 \$ @0 H, a5 H6 ~7 u3 l
  谓语动作之前。- p1 J3 ]- Q) M2 e7 A
  2. D)   【句意】  虽然他以前从未表演过,但他
1 ]. c- x8 V' s- l  为业余剧团做的首次表演还是很成功。/ a3 i7 o4 {, {
  【难点】  in spite of意为“尽管,虽然”,后接名词或名词性短语,引& D; ?. W8 \  b% V( v
  导出来状语。选项A
; d% Q9 s' v  K$ N  )没有主语或逻辑主语,选项B)是原因状语从句,选项C)的despite不能引导状语从句,因为
! k' e0 s9 `4 V# |) ]  它是介词。+ [3 `- A9 B8 Y/ i# _' N# T8 y
  3. B)   【句意】  到二十一世纪中叶,世界上大
4 r4 Z' ~  z5 w: l- E4 V7 q  多数人口将生活在城市而不是农村。
& U/ m+ A; a' L  I# g' z. \  【难点】  因为时间状语by the middle of the 21st century指的是将来/ R& W! H( G. X: O9 V
  ,所以选将来进行时。
/ V$ N# a" \% n$ u$ i# p! v0 u  4. C)   【句意】  米尔先生宁愿辞职也不参加这
% G. c7 V0 m0 T  种不诚实的商业交易。
! O, S( R# p2 V. ?8 [5 ^  【难点】  prefer意为“宁愿”,其后接名词或动词不定式;prefer to do7 \( i+ i$ P) N9 p$ ~: u
  sth. r
- ~+ x  c3 M" G  H: }  ather than do sth.意为“宁愿…而不愿…”,rather than后接不带to的不定式。
6 v; V3 q, R. ]! G+ ?9 y  5. C)   【句意】  大家都没有时间去读或去听有  c7 E# N+ q) i! {5 l1 I
  关世界上正在发生的一切事件的描述。
0 k8 v! L8 N1 ]) R$ p5 A  【难点】  在以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中,如关系代词作主语,则
- w. [1 \5 ^  ]* I6 W; Z  关系代词便可省略。
, x1 ]3 ?7 U+ V4 w2 V! h  6. B)   【句意】  如果突然出现巨大的噪音,这1 F# K) _6 D9 l0 s
  些动物真的有可能受到惊吓。
1 H" ^& N. D2 M% S0 w5 M1 Z- J  【难点】  该句是一个省略if的倒装的虚拟条件句,可还原为“if there s: Z- l& v9 g/ I# N. q( P( e- _
  hould be...”。
( \% @: n* C: ]# T5 I+ P) \/ M  7. D)   【句意】  一点一点地,儿童就会将自己  b5 V1 n6 w3 k; z% j* [0 |
  的语言作些必要的修改,而使之与他人的语言相像。
+ U, V0 O% X. K) E: V8 C  【难点】  as和like都可以表示“像…一样”,但as是连词,后跟从句,li$ a2 W2 X8 i7 C- B8 M
  ke是介词,后跟名词或名词性短语。/ l) i, u) o# u0 i% x- Z! M! x  u: j
  8. C)   【句意】  用塑料纤维制成的衣服比用棉6 Q: g9 q  ?+ p6 v2 P5 D' K
  花、羊毛或丝绸等天然纤维制成的衣服有些优势。
( s' N4 E& Z. K% ^. c* X& s) Q  O  【难点】  clothing是衣服、被褥的总称,不能用one或the one来指代。wh# f# S, {1 f* U. X" G: q
  at相当于“先行词+that”,后边要接从句。所以只能用that指代clothing。$ k5 G. c3 l- r& L- B
  9. A)   【句意】  财政部发布命令,从即日起,/ V  t4 J7 H8 R, i
  向政府购买土地须以金、银支付。4 \* D2 ], U! \0 _) s$ b- t6 a. S# H# t
  【难点】  henceforth意为“从今以后”,符合题意要求。
3 G; Y  Y4 d. m" \% l% a% M) L  10. D)   【句意】  学生们期望期末考试前能有更  f  q6 s! c5 q
  多的复习课。
2 m  y" S( t3 m8 f9 |9 X3 A- J* U  【难点】  动词expect后必须接动词不定式作其宾语,因此,只有D)为正确+ H- t; j) Z7 F8 l$ T4 G  ]
  11. A)   【句意】  暑假期间,我们第一次尝到了: u/ y: k" d# `+ T6 Y3 \
  把劳动变成货币的滋味。2 G5 W3 w5 y) C: B
  【难点】  translate意为“变换,把…转化成”;transfer意为“移交,8 V# N% q4 h/ Z: i2 V
  迁移” ;transplant意为“移植(器官)”;transmit意为“传染(疾病),传达(知识)”。
' A2 c7 o: o- ]  12. A)   【句意】  在有些情况下,你的导师会事
% j/ k0 [% U0 y' Z  先告诉你题目或把题目给你由你选写。
! M, H0 T/ K7 s' P- f. P  m9 X1 w  【难点】  in advance意为“事先,预先”;ahead of意为“在…之前
: l5 h! W% k3 n7 W  ”;above all意为“尤其,最重要的是”;right away意为“立刻;马上”。8 R4 ^3 L4 `8 ^9 |9 B. l( Z
  13. D)   【句意】  车上了马路边后,司机由于惊. r- l: Q* I+ P4 a
  慌,没踩刹车,却踩了油门。
5 W1 O- q5 A3 v  【难点】  panic意为“惊慌,慌乱”;fraud意为“欺骗,骗局”;alarm" J7 u" e* e0 O8 F/ ^* N
  意为“警报”;terror意为“恐怖”。
  r. ?" H( O. F5 @" u( T. S# T  14. A)   【句意】  丹尼在我们回答机上留下一条0 v2 ^3 s* L5 a3 D  ^# a- E7 g; W
  模棱两可的信息:“我必须见你。12点来接我。”他是说中午还是半夜?
( X4 x0 [& U$ ?1 N. T$ y  【难点】  ambiguous意为“模棱两可的;含糊的”;responsible意为“负) Q. n! ~* f3 N7 x4 ?
  责的”;implicit意为“暗含的”;thoughtful意为“沉思的,思考的”。' Z0 v9 `# k, Y% m5 |' p6 p* L
  15. D)   【句意】  我们要找个桌子坐下,可是所( P- |: ?1 `% m, ~3 Z7 }) D
  有餐桌都已有人。6 t/ T4 k: m: u9 H! ]! m9 j0 s$ p
  【难点】  take up意为“占去(时间、地方、注意力等)”;reserve for意
4 h: s# d0 s) ?3 m0 y+ h  为“为…留; f' c) |9 G8 L; W
  出,保留”;engage in意为“从事;参加”;use up意为“用完,用光;耗尽”。
$ b0 L  {7 L! i& U3 Z+ N0 f; J  16. D)   【句意】  她将不得不去别处找工作,因
7 h) H, L8 c6 J; m  为她再也不能忍受这么大的噪音。
0 q; [" S- i! ?. w7 e  【难点】  put up with意为“忍受,容忍”;come up with意为“(针对问
3 |4 \( t& v1 V9 q8 j- G# K  题、挑战)提出,想- \# ^5 T9 U# u! Z( x% u0 i
  出”;catch up with意为“赶上”;keep up with意为“跟上(人、潮流、形势等)”。
/ O" q, ^5 y* V  H  S  17. D)   【句意】  汤姆满怀信心地投入新的
* Z# ?: h' e# i# p1 ^# r  工作。7 e  k. L9 R3 G0 V( C: [4 s
  【难点】  set about意为“开始;着手”;set out意为“开始”,常与as
# B: R- h/ U4 @: L, U/ [$ N  , in, on连用;set off意为“(使)做某事”;set up意为“开业,开始经商”。9 |% t% @& v7 m, {$ \
  18. B)   【句意】  卡车司机因超速而被罚款。
) g. S+ _8 y$ Z  【难点】  limit意为“限制;界限”;range意为“(知识、知觉、听觉等* j- u" \8 K. ~9 O* f
  的)范围
. U0 u9 d) W% \7 E: _  ”;regulation意为“规定,规则”;rule和regulation是近义词,意为“规定,规章”。
  B2 ]$ v; ~1 L% a, t  19. B)   【句意】  跛脚的杰克充满自豪,一颠一
& w2 p( L) j8 I3 C0 I  跛地走上台,加入孩子们的行列。6 B) A% A0 }; g
  【难点】  limp意为“跛行”;jump意为“跳,跃”;hop意为“(人们)单
1 S/ {! J6 C: x2 {; h. U4 K  足跳”;jog意为“慢跑;缓行”。5 g7 E8 ^) d6 n1 x9 z+ A7 s
  20. B)   【句意】  他买不起小汽车,因为他挣钱4 {) S9 M4 R8 s# K
  不多。: \. }: ?8 E" \1 |3 [+ U. W4 T
  【难点】  afford意为“买得起”;obtain意为“得到,获得”;donate意
) x7 k* Z) M4 _* c+ z1 P
" d- a: _7 {/ T. r% M& D  为“捐,赠”;consume意为“消耗,耗尽”。
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:48 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解5

  21. C)   【句意】  这是明摆着的事:就像茶叶和</p>  香蕉不相搭配一样,下层阶级家庭的儿子也不可能指望娶一个贵族的女儿。
3 X4 b7 T/ r7 T! J) H0 p  【难点】  neither用于否定句之后,意为“…亦不…”;either用于否定" n3 N) H6 L2 `
  句,意为“(二者之
5 K* ]- f4 u7 e) T) m3 _9 G1 b1 J' t  中的)任何一方都(不)…”;nor意为“…也不…(置于否定句之后)”;not在本句中说
7 `  D9 D1 [( V* ~  不通。
% D/ ]# n2 d4 U6 _5 e- F3 t( A; ~  22. D)   【句意】  虽谈不上有钱,但她目前的境
$ c2 \. c" e" {( y$ F  况比以往任何时候都要好。
9 R7 B4 g0 {0 _+ f) H  【难点】  by no means意为“一点也不…”;by means of意为“用,依靠$ S( x( l. y4 Y1 K/ U
  ”;within one’s means不是固定短语;by all means意为“无论如何,务必”。% a8 J+ q/ X  V# @$ Y4 v" J
  23. A)   【句意】  这是一种荒唐的生活态度。  d, b1 `0 N! l9 p; B3 S
  【难点】  absurd意为“荒唐的;滑稽可笑的”;silly意为“: H  @2 [. T; [( o0 P! D$ O7 x/ W
  傻的;愚蠢的”;stupid意为“笨的,麻木的”;authentic意为“可靠的;真诚的;真的”. {& U) o! |0 x* l
  24. B)   【句意】  每年,我们学校会有一名同学5 s4 K" B$ u: a
  获得一笔奖学金作为一年的大学生活补贴。
( L$ I; Q: c# Q. @  【难点】  subsidize意为“给…津贴;资助”;improve意为“改进,改善
3 W9 f  r; B/ Z6 I, O1 i4 F3 j! H  ”;oblige意) F, `. [7 V' O
  为“施恩惠于,帮…忙”;inflict意为“予以(打击);使遭受(损伤,苦痛等)”。
6 w) C2 Y5 t, I( s  25. D)   【句意】  他和妻子合作写了一本书。
  i3 g& d3 Q: e- n+ a7 y7 ~  【难点】  collaboration意为“合作;协作”,in collaboration with为9 f% _" n0 i( a: m" @9 L& Y
  固定搭配;propo, e* X, y! c3 D2 A* [  m
  rtion意为“比例”;installment意为“分期付款”;correspondence意为“符合;一致”
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