英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(四十四)

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　　Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately
, K' w7 z, `: ?　　have political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad __1__
# k9 F3 b4 A) B2 N1 _) q3 }　　influence of this or that individual writers. But an effect can become __2__
! ^! n' d8 }2 X* m　　a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect __3__
. ]# ?' S. @3 z, ]& F　　in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink __4__
　　because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most __5__
2 S# z6 o7 ~/ X* y- t4 _　　completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that is
6 k9 q' Z# e9 Y7 R　　happening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccurate
* D. T8 i+ {2 d0 U3 f9 ?' Z1 C　　because our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language __6__
　　makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the
　　process is irreversible. Modern English, especially written English, __7__
　　is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be
9 t" ]5 D/ i; x# n& V! Q0 e　　avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets
　　rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and think clearly is a __8__
& c' ?, f( A5 A0 c) {, i　　necessary first step towards political regeneration: so that the fight
　　against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning __9__
　　of professional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope __10__
　　that by that time the meaning of what I have said here will have become
　　clearer.
6 Z4 n/ [/ u8 l　　答案及解析:
2 t1 ^; t' o, B: @" m  C6 c　　1.economical－economic
　　economical的意思是“节约的，经济的，省钱的”，而此处应选择economic表示“经济的，有关经济的”。
　　2.writers－writer
　　this or that后面应接单数名词，因为从意思上来看应是二选一的，所以是单数。
　　3.reinforce－reinforcing
　　“an effect can become a cause”和“reinforce the original cause”两个分句并不是并列的关系，应该说是主句和从句的关系，应该将reinforce变为-ing形式，这也与后面的“producing the same effect”保持形式上的一致。
) T* ~4 s& h8 Y　　4.take^－to
　　take to 表示“养成习惯，沉湎于”。
0 T2 k8 A. T5 h& ~  p1 b& O　　5.most－more
: H  K$ I- a& g. t# e& z　　all the more 表示“更加”，如：
　　The living room is decorated in pale colors which make it all he more airy.
3 L0 X* L' l, a) ~0 E　　6.sloven－slovenliness
　　sloven作名词表示“懒散的人，散漫的人”，这里显然语义不对，所以应改为slovenliness表示“懒散，邋遢”。
　　7.irreversible－reversible
　　reversible（可逆的），irreversible（不可逆的）
　　如上文所述，语言和思维的关系是相互影响的；由于我们思想的愚蠢，我们的语言变得丑陋，不准确；同时我们的语言的不精确也使我们的思维变得更加愚蠢。所以这个过程是能倒退的。
6 c$ e* I# D  W3 H3 d* _0 `- I　　8.^think－to
　　动词原形本身无法作主语，必须将它变成-ing形式或不定式，由于这里有将要发生的含义，所以选用不定式 to think。
　　9.concerning－concern
　　concern本身既可以做动词也可以作名次。
* B6 S% {/ v9 T　　10.present－presently
　　presently表示“不久，一会儿”。present在这里讲不通。