答案及解析:
1 X8 p. L' Z& p3 f2 y! z 1. with—without, j8 m5 M; O0 M# r+ E, f
根据illegal aliens的定义,应该是people living in the U.S.A without proper authorization1 E0 B6 t) x9 S e
2. until—when8 k! m0 R* E- K2 I7 Q) O
从逻辑意义上来分析,是Others....did not leave when their visas were expired(当签证到期时他们也不离开美国)# h2 z. U$ `* K% _# W9 E
3. possible—impossible, F. Z) ^% K7 j2 D) V
从上下文的说明判断,要弄清楚到底有多少非法居住在美国的外国人,或得一个确切的数据是完全不可能的0 K" c8 B! c, s
4. ranged之前加have
& ~% s; ]$ a9 v+ z+ `" l4 @ 因为是指did not leave until their visas were expired. Recent estimates而不是以往的estimates. X1 C+ S; \* P6 r0 T) |- f
5. affected—affecting
: g) [- k7 o! o( h8 R+ p% x 此处相当于(a new law)which/that affect illegal aliens
7 h( S8 D8 d7 l, X/ h q 6. have—had n8 n4 K% P f
用过去完成时,因为整个句子讨论的是过去的事,并且此处具体指country since9 k2 q4 r# j9 j$ y% q) e3 ?# H9 @
January, 1982 to gain legal status if they applied by May 4,19888 W4 r1 s) j% x* E
7. encourage—discourage
2 ?$ ]! k% S, d 如果为encourage则与全文的逻辑和意义矛盾0 i# W& a; k/ a, L
8. 在difficult之前加it0 t" R/ ~- N3 N, @8 c p
making it difficult for undocumented people to find employment,其中it为形式宾语,实际宾语为不定式短语(for undocumented people)to find employment
' r) g! c& E3 v0 s- B 9. providing—provides; `& }! u1 k) \ L6 ], v
provides for severe penalties与prohibits American employers from hiring illegals 为并列谓语,而不是与hiring illegals并列
% C. r0 ^3 o3 R 10. number—numbers或在large之前加a
3 i8 c8 }* V7 a" {) R; V4 p+ J 习惯为numbers of或a number of |