The cohesiveness(内聚力 )of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine practices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force however, working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours--what we here call "shift work"--makes the lives of families difficult.) A1 | G& o! X2 I9 J1 j3 |. r
Existing research shows that both male and female shift workers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shift work couples still maintain a traditional attitude to the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do "whatever it takes" to approximate their view of a proper marriage,including sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed, even when wives worked outside their homes, a proper marriage is characterized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are "providers" whose major responsibility is to sup- port the family ;wives are "homemakers" who clean,cook,and care for husbands and children.
9 q5 |. U/ C* ]# n& w9 t# G2 E/ M The women' s definitions of a." good husband" are typified by the following wife' s response:4 A; N# ]8 [8 T% ^3 T. [- q6 O+ a
I expect him to be a good provider,and be there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me, expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speaking, when it' s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything.+ I5 a2 Z0 i1 C: _ z# t! h7 t
To husbands ,a good wife is someone who is:9 r" k- M% | J/ A
Understanding of what I feel go through at work. I need that respect at work,I hope I get it at work.I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don' t want her to give me a lot of shit when I come home from work because I don' t know if this makes much sense.
* {+ G- P7 a$ i$ L4 ]* j These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shift workers.
. v3 f; x: ?) j, V$ U 51. Despite_____shift work couples still hoped to maintain a stable life.
- w5 G& a; g6 x' ^ A.traditional beliefs about marriage
& m: [4 e; n% {& P4 g$ ~; u B.lack of control over time, m$ i) ]8 o7 ^& s2 g5 U' j9 k
C.a very dear division of roles7 _" I3 m; W: v6 S8 g
D.the demands of work
$ M: \/ E4 |7 V1 {- f8 h& v 52. From the selection, we can conclude that female shift workers were NOT satisfied with4 b2 |# g& S2 m4 {' n
A.their work
6 S# i2 L" [8 z B.their children0 H- W. D- g3 Y7 }' _: o* p! w
C.their husbands' inability to protect the family and provide companionship
, A- \) z0 i% f. S9 X D.leisure activities
# |' Y+ i: o# R E 53. What is implied by the author?+ x4 ?5 `2 x% U6 h8 i- x3 V
A.Shift work had a direct effect on the attitudes and behavior of family members.
$ j6 L2 o' Q) i; J/ N2 [ B.Shift workers could live a normal life.
" {! k$ u2 f" M9 C C.Shift work couples had unconventional ideas about marriage.9 M9 M* \" z9 Y3 {1 y
D.Female shift workers were satisfied with the time spent together with their families.
& T' t! A$ e0 T# o: @ 54. In order to continue the marriages of the shift workers,3 ]6 R9 J/ j: E% I6 B: H: Q
A) wives must learn to care for the children when their husbands are absent' u- m0 Q. B" P# ]* Q9 o! W
B.shift work couples must administer their time and activities
: Y- C7 m( K; c, i% E C.wives mustn' t adapt their own feelings of boredom to their husbands' work" o8 H4 T& n% U* e- E) u$ X
D.all of these
) j: s) G% V( y! D: b0 Z 55. The best title for this paragraph is
2 u$ f6 I. U$ A' l0 E/ ~8 R A.Constructing Family Life; x8 P; _! _ w1 g: f4 e) f
B.Managing Time and Activities1 b- H' c1 k. f: V8 ?
C.The Meaning of Marriage
, G& {% U' A4 ?6 x- ]& C D.Living a Normal Life |