</p> 我们将第一个句子进行简化:首先将时间短语删去,将该人的单位删去。
* y6 R/ `; _: R- n8 S5 f Sergio Pellis reported that there is a strong positive link between brain size and playfulness among mammals in general(可删).5 K8 X; M# \ K8 t Z2 f6 L
这里的positive link是指正相关,或成正比。Size表示尺寸大小,是指脑袋的大小和玩成正比。如果理解不透彻,可继续往下读两句。而后两句恰恰是对positive link的详细解释。
3 o) U; X1 s( s- Z2 R3 u 由此,回到选项中,进行对应,唯有:D. There is a tendency for mammals with smaller brains to play less. (smaller brains 与play less就是对称正比的诠释)。选项A. There is a link between a specific substance in the brain and playing. 是干扰项,因为这里的link between.... and ....之间的名词所指不同。
% m2 \0 H3 u7 d( k 注:其余两个出现一次的人名可按这种方式依次做题。
8 T+ r+ S; G3 S8 [( A T4 n; _ (二)处理出现两次的人名6 U+ k7 B" e9 U1 G7 I) A
对于在两段中出现的人名,我们可以采用以下方式进行解决。首先去看该人名在文中第一次出现的段落,如果这里已经给出答案,则第二个段落就可以抛弃不看。如果第一个段落没有出现答案,则需看第二个段落。以Marc Bekoff 为例进行讲解。5 \% r1 R9 ]( G/ F( f
Marc Bekoff在文中G 段和H段都分别出现了。因此,先看G段中出现的Marc Bekoff的谈话和言论:"People have not paid enough attention to the amount of the brain activated by play," says Marc Bekoff from Colorado University. "They use behaviour from a lot of different contexts ---- predation, aggression, reproduction," he says, "Their developing brain is getting all sorts of stimulation." 第一个引号中很好理解,也不是考题的题眼。关键在第二个引号中的句子,这个句子的predation, aggression, reproduction对应的是选项G中的a wide range of (各种各样的) activities. 原文中是指他们使用来自许多情况(如捕食、进攻、和繁殖)下的行为,他们发展的大脑也就获得了各种各样的刺激。G. A wide range of activities are combined during play.正是对这句话的诠释。7 o8 J4 D- @/ w ^
(三)处理出现三次的人名7 J% M0 Y5 Y7 r- u$ L0 Z) G
John Byers 在文中的A段、C段和F段中出现。处理方式雷同于出现两次的人名。
+ F: J2 m# V! D' `' s) u$ Q 在A 段中John Byers 这么说:"Even two or three per cent is huge," John Byers of Idaho University. "You just don't find animals wasting energy like that," he adds.% W# U" T1 n5 H% f' Y+ t% P
这两句话很简单,显然与选项中无法对应。则看C段。
1 k& K0 Y$ B( \5 Z( h4 Y: l 在C段中,“If the function of play was to get into shape,”says Byers, "the optimum time for playing would depend on when it was most advantageous for the young of a particular species to do so. But it doesn't work that." 这里的get into shape = keep fit保持健康,Optimum = best。
d, \2 F# g5 s4 l1 k7 x" ]6 h 大意:“如果玩的功能是保持健康,那么玩的最佳时间就会依据什么时候对小动物最有利就什么时候运动。但事实并非如此。”这里恰好对应的是:选项E. Play is not a form of fitness training for the future. 这里的fitness training 对应的是原文句中的get into shape.0 Z: p5 U' E+ r' V) U/ a/ o4 U
这时,F段中John Byers 的言论就可以放弃不看。
; \' e% a' c p* y" D 三、总结
2 e' E }% m/ H1 E% x, T+ j4 d 综上所述,这些就是人名观点配对题型的解题方法。建议考生,做人名观点配对题时不需要看完全篇再去做题,而是可以采用定位法去有的放矢的解决,这样既快捷高效地完成了阅读任务,也不再对阅读中的搭配题感到棘手和害怕了。
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