1.增补(Addition)' Z! O( Y9 v+ u2 s! [( Q
in addition,furthermore,again,also,besides,moreover,what`s more,similarly,next,finally.
7 H8 J# X5 h4 C. \* Q 2.比较(Comparison)
+ p( T3 ~, K( w- y$ ^ in the same way,likewise,similarly,equally,in comparison,just as
1 H8 ?" j/ W; U7 r 3.对照(Contrast)- }$ A9 Z& Y; D3 V$ O( E1 W. t
whereas,in contrast,on the other hand,instead,however,nevertheless,unlike,even though,on the contrary,while) ^7 P0 n! j& [4 [6 L
4.因果(Cause and effect)
E) p2 K6 D/ T8 x) f7 T because,because of,for,since,due to,owing to,thanks to,as a result(of),accordingly,hence,so,thus. j: C. X7 {) ~( M/ b5 k* A7 S) U
5.强调(Emphasis)% r+ {. n4 W4 h3 `! m
certainly,above all,indeed,of course,surely,actually,as a matter of fact,chiefly,especially,primarily,in particular,undoubtedly,absolutely,most imprtant6 b, ], p: V( h/ V
6.让步(Concession)
% P' l3 _; u' k% n% c; I) L7 _ r although,though,after all,in spite of,nevertheless,still,provided,while it is true……
' @2 E4 l0 F) a1 } y9 f 7.例证(Exemplification)* Q2 f+ ^9 ?/ a2 y- Y7 `
for example,for instance,that is,namely,such as,in other words,in this case,by way of illustration.& f) f& s& C# W1 J# X& _$ C; b. ?- n
8.总结(Conclusion)1 b4 g8 M7 f' ?5 K/ j8 I% n
to sum up,to conclude,in a word,in short,in brief,all in all,in all,to put it in a nutshell,in summary
+ G: Y" G* [1 z5 M0 q 9.推断(Inference)- D6 h2 ~5 ]( r1 H) A: i0 `
therefore,as a result(of),consequently,accordingly,so,otherwise5 y( U% X F" M" s! c5 `
10.时间和空间(Time and space)
+ F$ p/ ?8 j1 x3 X9 K! V afterward,after,first,later,then,soon,outside,near,beyound,above,below,on the right(left),in the middle,opposite,in front of
! x+ h: z# ]. \0 S% n 11.启承转合1)、启A proverb says……At present……
1 I# Y" y( t' z# U P( V! n1 G$ I As the proverb says……Currently……
' M/ O4 M$ F0 Z3 G, ~ Generally speaking,……Now,……/ S4 u' A" ?+ Q3 s4 X
In general,……On the Whole……
" D* U1 ^' W9 Q2 y! X It is clear that……Recently……
6 `2 n) c0 G9 {. F# \9 P$ c It is often said that……Without doubt,……
4 @1 N2 _& m( a& x: q; ] 2)、承First(of all),……Moreover,……# J) I e' e8 Z, v; L; i1 i
Firstly,……No one can deny that……# J: H; n2 `8 p+ h0 b- t" u, [
In the first place,……Obviously……
) F; \) x* Z2 Y9 ]7 c$ A To begin with,……Of course,……
& {! p$ C# }: \! W- w/ ?, ]% j Also,……Similarly,……
9 ~9 ]1 Y8 S6 Q9 y/ P At the same time……Therefore,we should realize that……
+ _1 U: ~0 U$ x- R5 I Certainly……There is no doubt that……
. ~2 t* d/ T0 A2 l In addition,……What`s more,……# K& r% ?. J4 w' q% w: o
In fact……It can be easily proved that……
& M, Q& Z: q4 i% o0 \; x" ^ Meanwhile……; H3 U$ I. u3 ]- J1 @/ y
3)、转But……Still,……
7 m; p: w" q9 r3 C4 c8 V' U; s But the problem is not so simple……
}+ s8 e: @6 p8 ^, H+ ?0 |/ \4 d/ z* F There is a certain amount of truth in this,but we still have a problem with regard to……
4 C8 m: v' ~' B1 u& s3 T/ D4 C However,……To our surprise,……
* C7 i% x# h+ ` U. ?2 q Nevertheless,……Unfortunately……6 d X7 ?5 _- P1 x7 q9 f
On the other hand,……
' z* O R* V& c) A1 _5 f Yet difference will be found and that is why I feel that……0 v( }) g% @6 |- ]4 q, {: n6 M
Others may find this to be true,but I do not. I think……) Z+ |) }% F. G: u- k8 {, F$ f F+ U
4)、合Above all,In brief,……
- [* v; U) V" s3 i2 o- R Accordingly,……In conclusion,……
9 c: [, \0 ~8 e* w All in all,……$ e) J$ d: K$ }* l$ K! P! @6 _+ D6 K
In other words,it is hard to escape the conclusion that……8 O& K' V2 y9 Y2 J5 h J {
As a consequence,……In short,……
* f( _. F2 Y4 b9 ?4 D As I have shown/said/stated/……In sum,……
( z; P9 q1 y1 v" f In summary,……As has been noted,……+ ]: M8 [' j2 {( }7 E3 V
Obviously,……By so doing,……6 v; K2 P/ \; b2 B3 _5 S
On the whole,……Consequently,……
7 @% C, x8 A& u1 s( |' Y Presumably,……Eventually,……
/ G$ a4 W! l& e) O To conclude,……Finally,……
9 e* g+ P7 A C3 l; w% L To sum up,……In a word,……
5 w: C1 g& f% F4 b To summarize,…… |