六、比较级和最高级: [" n" R6 M% C, l! Z2 L1 k+ i6 J
比较级和最高级的出题非常有规则,一共有5个出题方向,并且每次考试必然考两个) V* V4 H( X: T* O! Q
(一) 比较级或最高级形式上的重复' \1 Z% E8 u% {( V0 M$ _" _: H2 T# T
例:The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which
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involves using a circular dish with a small pocket at the bottom.
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分析:A错,应改为easiest。easiest本身已是最高级,不必再用most,这是最高级形式上的重复1 ]+ t. `9 G; F7 `( i3 B
(二)比较级和最高级之间的混用" g- [* d; z8 B/ q5 ?
例:The greenest and plentifulest leaves are the leaves of grasses.
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* T9 e( b2 `% }- k 分析:B错,应改为most plentiful。 plentiful是多音节形容词,须在前面加most构成最高级。
- Y! {2 f2 H2 q& W7 Z! `0 L 例:The more fearsome of all the animals in the Western Hemisphere
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4 X. [* j7 [8 Y- n is the grizzly bear.
& Y. v4 Y+ U' ~( F$ E; z" T 分析:A错,应该用最高级most,含有介词of, among, in 表示的范围状语使用最高级。
3 C; P. D0 t3 D2 [ (三)比较词than的前面一定要有比较级" e% _, Z4 ~+ q9 D* o( }/ O
改错题中,通常会看见than前面有一个原级+ ^$ A$ r O5 k* l3 Y s6 Q" p% `! x
例:Film directors can take far great liberties in dealing with) y0 `* I, O( n* h' F
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concepts of time and space than stage directors can.
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分析:B错,应改为greater。根据后面有than一词可以判定前面的形容词用比较级形式,注意far, much 修饰比较级。
' [" f: u& e' E (四)在as…as以及否定not so…as, not as…as的中间使用形容词原级
. G% `+ D7 U, s! h, ?4 {6 t+ t as sweeter as, 这是不对的,应改为as sweet as- i& e* F3 f. Z5 A2 B0 |$ h; m
(五)the 和比较级最高级的关系
3 V. C0 d/ u! M ①、比较级前面可以出现the, 修饰后面的名词
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②、副词的最高级加不加the均可以' h8 q' A! j' U" Q
例:Although flies live longest in cool temperatures, it breed( [+ Z6 G( E) e- B- Q) D
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prolifically when temperatures are warm, food is6 F$ Z; F/ o) {% w( E$ n; Y- X
abundant, and humidity is moderate.
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) f8 \) ~: [$ i4 w3 f: A/ y, o 分析:副词的最高级加不加the均可, 所以A正确,从从句的主语可以看出,B应该改为they2 w. ? y, u5 X- z7 A; }; F
③、形容词的最高级作定语前面必须使用the, 如果不作定语的话,加不加the均可以8 Z% i7 M( p6 z( }/ a1 E
例:Of all the Native Americans in the United States,6 d4 U5 i F) L. p
A B C
" w5 ^* h1 }0 F$ c2 R the Navajos form largest group.
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' Z" ?; s( v' [4 L$ i: K- e' t+ a 分析:D错,应改为form the largest。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词。1 C$ D3 M( T: T. q, E# [( g
陷阱1, earliest, 有两种可能,& B0 g8 S. F) f* [9 ?5 d, C1 u
一种可能是early的最高级,最早的语言,the earliest language6 F; g- V5 v0 ^9 ?
另一种可能作名词,表示早期,必须和时间的名词连用,earliest time, earliest ages, 表示很早的年代,很早的时代,也就是说,如果以后碰上earliest后面加上times, ages, 前面不用加the
; Y4 A0 Z% X5 V. f' ~ 例:The belief in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many
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) ?6 {0 |4 ~+ S* F countries includes tales of fairies and their relationship to humans.% X' ~& }, @# |1 d- `
D
9 q' C4 p/ h _' P" t 分析:A错,应改为has existed。主语是单数名词the belief,而不是复数名词fairies,故谓语动词是单数形式。earliest times表示表示很早的时代是正确的。% |+ \ F$ T4 x/ B G1 z
陷阱2,如果最高级前面有所有格的话,不用加the
/ Z7 y, n' V! w1 j 例如:my best friends
0 S/ N+ g7 t0 \- i* I; Z4 w6 E 例:Salt Lake City, Utah's capital and largest city, is industrial
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' J U9 e3 D z8 w; R, Z' q and banking center.$ L: M% J# R4 I: \
D
6 K9 I s# M1 p1 | 分析:C错,应改为is an industrial center。center为可数名词,它的修饰词前面应有不定冠词。6 a d1 m# @/ b; W! v. e( `# H
Utah's largest city, 题目中其实是省略了Utah's。) v; ? \6 Y9 S8 F; q
例:Faults in the Earth's crust are most evidently in sedimentary
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formations, where they interrupt previously continuous layers.0 a% k) h6 l0 \2 Q# b
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分析:A错,are的表语必须用evident, 为什么不加the, 因为作表语,而不是定语 |