动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题,但出题频率比较稳定,即不频繁,亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式,即(1)不定式to后面接原形动词,(2)动名词具有动词和名词两重功能,介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型 1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词
8 w+ }; u7 X! a" C6 }/ } 全真例题分析6 B% n# {+ S9 R6 Q" t$ W
(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)
' {' l/ t5 O1 G; Q. F [答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see.
0 U' ^# Z# r) K/ E (2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)
+ }% W; }0 ?2 \) d+ r* I [答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。 W5 t7 L4 e" }
(3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)
, s4 A$ G9 p/ s) H [答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词,不能接名词。' s5 X# \/ _5 R# s# b) M
(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1): E( M. R' R: G. }3 U7 S* O
[答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。7 w* J& e% e9 H4 T% b% O
2. 动词不定式作目的状语% Q& A* O- `$ c
解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分,目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1-15题)中。" R4 P+ {1 S/ G$ c8 F
全真例题分析6 {: Z& Q- {# m
(1) A fuel is a substance used —— light, heat .or energy .% b) k; W! C7 E! l
(A) generating' W; @9 _& c6 c9 r+ Z) e! I
(B) generates8 X+ E1 r; J* o# Q" `
(C) to generate* G6 i" J; x1 r6 ~2 m. U: j
(D) it is generating, t+ h9 X& r5 ]0 M0 C
[答案] C 根据句意及结构,此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。
" z; @" z0 H7 M F; B (2) —— stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.
7 f2 @( R; y' q/ M+ ]1 P" {, ~, w (A) Creates" V) O( H, i( l9 ^7 ~( s
(B) Created) E2 H8 A5 Q! q4 O
(C) The creating of
! c# M* u. J# j6 ^) @ (D) To create (92.10). k7 G! O! O# V% K! E
[答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。
" s# Z( k4 @* R1 @7 b$ y& \1 J (3) —— time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.; @: _& X- O0 ?5 o3 k- H& c( {1 H
(A) Saved
2 H7 J" f5 Q! F: X& O (B) Saves
8 D: R: P+ ?$ |! O (C) To save
& |; f! k0 @1 h+ ?3 ]. z. @& R3 ~ (D) The saving (91.5)1 I4 h4 b. J% V l: k7 \" L$ w+ Y$ J
[答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语,且放在句首表示强调。$ C% C6 r4 I2 d8 d
3. 动名词的正确用法
! C7 ^0 `* Y# J E/ o) }- s" \8 W9 h- u 解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多,但有一个常出现的题型;介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式,作介词的宾语。
9 b% w+ B+ ? [3 z2 X 全真例题分析
' |9 \0 {$ E' y! X8 a& G6 Y (1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)* w7 g# F* b/ m( M1 A
[答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式,即of preparing.& w3 b/ {2 }6 E+ x. s* k
(2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)* N5 Y" I3 U$ |5 k L* W' z V( s
[答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面,故应改为动句词jamping.
" v2 p i8 O4 B. V: l (3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)
( P/ i( U+ \; w) m( d' F [答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面,故应改为动名词releasing.
9 T' }8 j2 |1 k* }8 ^9 Q7 i (4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)* o8 f5 P9 e4 i
[答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语,自身又带宾语reality |