3. 理想与实际的关系:
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99 "In any realm of life -- whether academic, social, business, or political -- the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."7 @: b% E+ B/ U' u
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a) From a philosophical point of view, living is experiencing, which is an everlasting interaction between men and reality。从实际出发使得我们尊重事实,符合自然的规律。所有的发明都在现实中得到检验,也是为了解决现实生活的中的问题。3 H T9 b2 P7 t4 b
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b) 如果采取理想主义,导致mental disorder和失败。理想主义导致逃避主义,面对困难逃避现实而不去补救,长久下去造成更大的失落,挫败,mental disorder。行为不符合实际,不能最后成功。
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c) 但是理想对于成功有推动作用,理想主义带来希望,激励,灵感。人类对飞翔的梦想推动了飞机的发明,对未来的憧憬激发人们的动力克服困难。* l d& \& z1 P% M7 d6 ]* u
. s6 ]9 j5 l. l8 h: M$ q d) 最好是二者的结合! A7 O. g$ H9 J9 G$ I) H* M
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148 "Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble."
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4. 竞争:+ z/ h3 Q$ x+ X8 h. V, I$ a
. a! U; `/ b. K1 @) H 2. "Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society."
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+ [4 i% I1 Y% k2 L( G0 ?8 T a) 竞争是自然的规律,只有通过竞争才能优胜劣汰。Natural selection,物种的进化,人本身就是进化竞争的结果。
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+ r4 ^) k0 p& @3 D# k$ C b) 竞争对社会是有益的哦。人与人之间竞争提高了人的积极性,效率,激发人的潜力。企业之间的竞争,促进了生产力发展,提高了商品,服务的质量,消费者最终得到实惠。科学家之间竞争推动了科学技术的进步。
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c) 过度的竞争造成破产,失业,压力,增加了社会不稳定因素。不公平的竞争更会对社会造成危害,腐蚀道德& l G! k- @! O1 q
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37. "In most societies, competition generally has more of a negative than a positive effect." |