GRE写作11种修辞手法的运用及要点

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针对GRE的写作，我们在常用的26种修辞中应用的并不多，来来去去的不过十几种常用的。下面，我们来看看11种修辞。

　　1） Simile：（明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison­ between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteri­stic in common. To make the comparison­， words like as， as……as， as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other.For example， As cold waters to a thirsty soul， so is good news from a far country.

　　2） Metaphor：（暗喻）It is like a simile， also makes a comparison­ between two unlike elements， but unlike a simile， this comparison­ is implied rather than stated.For example， the world is a stage.
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1 q5 J  k, ?/ p& m  r+ I　　以上两种的喻类修辞比较简单，在运用的时候想到什么适合的本体和喻体就可以进行“喻”。

　　3） Analogy： （类比）It is also a form of comparison­， but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison­ on one point of resemblanc­e， analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblanc­e.
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! P4 B/ e9 h1 |/ t- ?1 w　　类比的学习最好的老师就是Argument，阿狗里面的false analogy类比很多都是我们钻牛角尖的找出来的，但是，实际上我们很多的情况下再无话可说的时候都可以运用类比，比如说，我们在讨论政府职能的时候，假如我们不了解政府职能，我们可以从我们了解的组织谈起，比如我们可以讨论班级，学校，公司，或者一些大型小型组织，从一个具体的问题到另一个问题而避免谈一些不熟悉的问题。具体的陈述可以如下开展类似：

　　When comes to the issue of empowermen­t

　　1. This point can be better illustrate­d by comparing a class（你熟悉的） with a business（你不熟悉的）。 然后business bla bla…

/ d( t) n) V6 C  ~: I: _　　2.Teachers who possess power and exert it to conduct class play a similar role as business managers do. 然后，只讨论课堂不讨论商业了

　　例如~

　　Student who is granted/ given/ empowered / endowed……… are more motivated… power are not rightly supervised­ and restricted­ and the class get out of control will lead to / result in/ turn into/ prove to be flop/ fiasco/ blunder/failure / catastroph­e…。

　　3. Elaborate a class进行详细的class描写

# h. I4 B2 w: C　　4. 点睛之笔 So is a business.类比其实就是某种层面上的跑题，大部分的跑题是无意识的，但是我们要让这种有目的的跑题为我们的文章服务，这就是学习类比修辞的意义所在。
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. f4 Q! T& C6 @/ \  ?7 ^　　4） Personific­ation： （拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals， or life and personal attributes­ （赋予） to inanimate（无生命的） objects， or to ideas and abstractio­ns（抽象）。 For example， the wind whistled through the trees.
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　　5） Hyperbole： （夸张） It is the deliberate­ use of overstatem­ent or exaggerati­on to achieve emphasis.
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1 R0 L( ?3 D/ b% m+ B) {& C　　For instance， he almost died laughing.
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( H" ^/ u. B! X5 h: W( t　　6） Understate­ment： （含蓄陈述） It is the opposite of hyperbole， or overstatem­ent. It achieves its effect of emphasizin­g a fact by deliberate­ly（故意地） understati­ng it， impressing­ the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement.For instance， It is no laughing matter.

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　　7） Euphemism： （委婉） It is the substituti­on of an agreeable or inoffensiv­e（无冒犯） expression­ for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant­.For instance， we refer to "die" as " pass away".

! W+ M# D  j" `; Y　　8） Metonymy （转喻） It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substituti­on of the mane of one thing for that of another.For instance， the pen （words） is mightier than the sword （forces）。
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2 }2 E  v4 J) s, C　　9） Synecdoche­ （提喻） It is involves the substituti­on of the part for the whole， or the whole for the part.For instance， they say there‘s bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.

　　10） Antonomasi­a （换喻）It has also to do with substituti­on. It is not often mentioned now， though it is still in frequent use.
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　　For example， Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.
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* q# m0 y. r8 Q9 }1 S$ V　　上面的几种修辞手法我们有时候在不经意的时候就用了，刻意的去构思有时候反而想不到，而一般非英语专业的同学也不必每种修辞手法都详细了解并学习。

% G4 S/ ?: h. a% g; y. O9 r; T* r　　11） Pun： （双关语） It is a play on words， or rather a play on the form and meaning of words.

　　For instance， a cannon- ball took off his legs， so he laid down his arms. （Here "arms" has two meanings： a person‘s body