2011年工程硕士GCT英语辅导专栏（第二周）
动名词 三个基本句型▲主+系动词+表
The earth is a globe.
我们居住的地球 是 一个大球体
The earth where we live is a big globe.
▲谓+主+状 = there be
There is a book on the table
然而，在那个国家还有成千上万的年轻人 却很难找到工作。
However, in that country there are also thousands and thousands of young people who find it very difficult to get work.
▲ 主+谓+宾+状
The tree saved their lives in the flood(s).
正是那棵树 在洪水中救了 他们的命。
It was the tree that saved their lives in the flood(s).
我们 无法想象 在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。
We cannot imagine what exists on that far-away planet.
非谓语动词
在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。
1）不定式
时态\语态 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
2）动名词
时态\语态 主动 被动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
3）分词
时态\语态 主动 被动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
否定形式： not +不定式， not + 动名词，not + 现在分词
动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。
1、 动名词作主语
Walking is good exercise.
走路是很好的运动
Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
Smoking may cause cancer.
吸烟可能导致癌症。
Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.
乘火车到杭州要16个小时。
Swimming develops the muscles.
游泳可以发展肌肉。
通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语。如：
It's nice talking with you.
和你谈话很高兴。
It's no use arguing with him.
跟他争论没用。
It is no use sending him over. It's too late already.
派他去没用，已经太晚了。
It was very difficult getting everything ready in time.
要把一切按时准备好很困难。
"There + be + no + -ing"结构，如：
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no harm in doing so.
这样做没有害处。
There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.
不容否认新方法大大提高了劳动生产率。
2、 动名词作表语
Her job is raising pigs.
她的工作是养猪。
This food smells inviting.
这种食物香味怡人。
The only thing that interests her is dancing.
她唯一感兴趣的事就是跳舞。
My favorite sport is swimming.
我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
To keep money you have found is stealing.
捡到钱不交等于偷窃。
3、 动名词作宾语
Your shoes need polishing.
你的皮鞋该擦了。
Jim dislikes eating chocolate.
吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。
Would you mind filling out this form?
请填一下这张表好吗？
She can't help crying at a sad movie.
她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。
医生让多运动。
The doctor advised taking exercise.
The thief admitted entering the house.
小偷承认进了屋。
学生们的卷子改完没有？
Have you finished correcting the students' papers?
来源:教育联展网-工程硕士考试站 [本文共有 5 页，当前是第 1 页]
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