专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词
集体名词，如：police, people,cattle,militia,poultry等，
通常作复数，用复数动词。如：
Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.
2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词
有些集体名词，如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China.
3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词
集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。
The city council is meeting to set its agenda.
4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词
如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：
A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.
近义词辨析
tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, wornout
这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。
tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。
Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。
exhausted
表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。
The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。
fatigued
所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。
He felt fatigued and didn’t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。
weary
语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。
After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。
wornout
这个词不太正式，多用于口语。
The troops were wornout after winning the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。
全真模拟试题
1. Although ______ Spanish, he attended the course.
A. he was knowing B. he is knowing
C. having a knowledge ofD. knows
2. You ______that letter to James. However, you didn’t.
A. ought to write B. ought to have written
C. should write D. should be writing
3. Joseph was very lucky ______ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room.
A. to escapeB. to have escaped
C. to escapingD. to be escaping
4. Bread and butter ______liked by Westerners.
A. is B. are C. were D. be
5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ______
very pleasant to sit on in summer.
A. which isB. which it isC. it isD.where it is
6. He set up in business ______ his own and was very successful.
A. inB.ofC.onD. by
7. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ______
last night.
A. must studyB. should have studied
C. must have studiedD. is sure to study
8. Frank almost never received any education, ______?
A. would heB. did he
C. didn’t heD. wouldn’t he
9.Even if his letter ______ tomorrow, it ______
too late to do anything.
A.will arrive...isB.should arrive...were
C.arrives...will beD.arrives...would be
10. We can hear______from the back of the room.
A. just as goodB.just as easy
C.just as wellD.easily as well
11. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two ______
of paint on a clean surface.
A.coatsB. levelsC.timesD. courses
12. The small mountain village was ______ by the snow
for more than one month.
A. cut backB.cut out
C.cut offD. cut away
13.Miss Green was ______ $100 for driving after drinking.
A. finedB.chargedC.punishedD.posed
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
14.Modern ______ perhaps causes more problems than it solves.A. technique B.technology
C. tactics D.tendency
15. Mary tiptoed over and took the clock away because she hated to hear
it ______ when she was trying to go tosleep.
A. soundingB. ringingC. tickingD. humming
16. Under this ______ pressure some of the rocks even
became liquid.
A. intensiveB.weightyC.intenseD.bulky
17. Of course, most immigrants did not get rich overnight, but the ______ of them were eventually able to improve upon their former standard of living.
A. maximumB.minorityC. majorityD.minimum
18. Nancy was surprised that they have ______. They seemed to be a happy couple.
A. split upB.broken down
C. fallen throughD. knocked out
19.The beach is in an ideal ______ to draw tourists.
A. conditionB. situationC. stateD. publicity
20. Our ______ sensitivity decreases with age. By age
60, most people have lost 40 percent of their ability tosmell and 50 percent of their taste buds.
A. sensibleB. senseless
C. sensitiveD. sensory
21. The eldest child is thoroughly ______ because they
always give him whatever he wants.
A. wastedB. spoiled
C.destroyed D.uneducated
22.If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may ______ a gas.
A. give intoB. give over
C. give offD. give away
23. His manner was so pleasant that Bolla felt at ______ with him at once.
A. peaceB. largeC. easeD. best
24.—Can you takethe day off tomorrow?
—Well, I’ll have to get ______ from my boss.
A. permissionB. permit
C. allowanceD. possession
25. The ______ in Janet’s character has hindered her from advancement in her career.
A. weaknessB. merit
C. defectD. shortcoming
您的得分率为：/ 25
试题答案与解析
1. C) 【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。
【难点】know是静态动词，不能用于进行时；选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加“a”，常用于词组have a knowledge of中，所以选C)。
2. B) 【句意】你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。
【难点】ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。
3. B) 【句意】约瑟夫幸运地逃了性命；他险些没从房间里逃出来。
【难点】to have escaped 是不定式的完成式，表示过去的某一动作业已完成。
4. A) 【句意】黄油面包受西方人青睐。
【难点】bread and butter 是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。
5. A) 【句意】我家的后花园有一片草坪，夏天坐在上面会令你心旷神怡。
【难点】which引出非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，且和sit on 构成动
宾关系。类似的句子有：This room is comfortable to live in 这句中live in 和this room构成动宾关系。
6. C) 【句意】他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。
【难点】on one’s own 是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”；of one’s own表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如：I have a flat of my own.我自己有套房子。
7. C) 【句意】约翰的考试分数全班最高；他
昨天晚上一定学习了。
【难点】表示对过去某一动作行为的猜测须要用must have done这一句型结构。
8. B) 【句意】弗兰克几乎从未受过任何教育，是不是?
【难点】这是一句含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为
否定形式，所以反意问句用肯定形式。
9. C) 【句意】即使他的信明天到也无济于事了。
【难点】在条件句中表示现在将来的时间，需要用一般现在时，主句中使
用将来时。
10. C) 【句意】我们在房间的后面也能听得很清楚。
【难点】as well意为“(程度)同样地好”，是副词短语修饰动词hear；just表示程度，意为“刚好”。
11. A) 【句意】为获得一个满意的结果，你必
须在一个干净的表面上涂两层油漆。
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
【难点】coat意为“覆盖物，层”;level意为“(建筑物)楼层”;times意为“次，回”;courses意为“(一层)砖面；一排”。
12. C) 【句意】这个小山村被大雪封住达一个多月。
【难点】cut back意为“削减；缩减”;cut out意为“停止；切下”;cut
off意为“切断；使隔断”;cut away意为“切除；砍掉”。
13. A) 【句意】格林小姐因酒后驾车被罚100美元。
【难点】fine意为“处…以罚金”;charge意为“要(价)，收(费)，要(人)支付(钱)”;punish意为“罚，惩罚”;pose意为“造成，引起(困难)”。
14. B) 【句意】现代技术所引发的问题也许比
它所能解决的要多。
【难点】technique意为“技法；具体的技术”;technology意为“工业技术”;tactics意为“战术，兵法，策略”；tendency意为“倾向”。
15. C) 【句意】玛丽蹑手蹑脚走过来把钟拿走
了，因为她讨厌在自己想睡觉的时候听它滴哒地响。
【难点】sound意为“作声，发声，响”;ring意为“鸣，发出清脆响亮的声音”;tick
意为“发出滴哒声”;hum意为“发连续低沉的声音(如蜜蜂、马达的嗡嗡声)”。
16. C) 【句意】在这种强大的压力下，一些岩
石甚至变成了液体。
【难点】intensive意为“加强的；集中的”;weighty意为“沉重的；笨
重的”;intense意为“强烈的，剧烈的”;bulky意为“庞大的；粗壮的”。
17. C) 【句意】当然，大多数移民不是一夜之
间就发财的，但是他们大多最终改善了自己的生活水平。
【难点】maximum意为“最大限量；最高点”;minority意为“少数，半数
以下”;majority意为“大多数”;minimum意为“最低限度，最低点”。
18. A) 【句意】南希对他们的离婚表示十分惊讶，因为他们似乎是一对快乐的夫妇。
【难点】split up意为“分裂，离婚”;break down意为“(精神方面)垮
掉；(健康)变得
衰弱；崩溃”;fall through意为“失败；成为泡影”;knock out意为“使筋疲力尽”。
19. B) 【句意】这片海滩所处位置理想，吸引了很多游客。
【难点】condition意为“状况；形势”;situation意为“位置，地点，
环境”;state意为“状态，情形”;publicity意为“公众的注意，名声”。
20. D) 【句意】我们的感官能力随着年龄的增
长而下降。比如说，到60岁的时候，多数人失去了他们40%的嗅觉能力和50%的味觉能力。
【难点】sensible意为“明智的，合情理的”;senseless意为“失去知觉
的，不省人事的”;sensitive意为“敏感的”;sensory意为“感觉的，传递感觉的”。
21. B) 【句意】他们的大孩子被彻底宠坏了，因为他要什么，他们就给什么。
【难点】waste意为“使衰弱；使消瘦”;spoil意为“宠坏，溺爱”;destroy意为“破坏；毁灭”;uneducated意为“未受(良好) 教育的”。
22. C) 【句意】如果一种物质溶解在水里或被
加热，它可能释放出一种气体。
【难点】give into为非固定搭配；give over意为“托付，交托”；give
off意为“散发”；give away意为“送掉，分发(奖品)等”。
23. C) 【句意】他那平易近人的风度使得博拉立刻放松了情绪。
【难点】at peace意为“和平地”;at large意为“自由地；大体地”;at ease意为“不拘束”;at best意为“至多”。
24. A) 【句意】——你明天能休一天吗?
——呵，我要征得老板的允许。
【难点】permission意为“允许”；permit意为“许可证”；allowance意为“津贴”；possession意为“拥有”。
25. C) 【句意】詹妮特的性格缺陷阻碍了她事业进步。
【难点】weakness意为“弱点；嗜好”;merit意为“优点，长处”;defect意为“缺点，缺陷”;shortcoming意为“缺点，短处”。
TestTwo
关于used to的意义和用法
used to (只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。例如：
He used to smoke a lot, but he has long given up smoking.
在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didn’t use to或usedn’t to均可：
He didn’t use to smoke cigarettes.
He usedn’t to smoke cigarettes.
Didn’t Maria use to be interested in the theatre?
Usedn’t Maria to be interested in the theatre?
在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：
Used you to go to the same school as Edward?
Did you use to go to the same school as Edward?
近义词辨析
use, apply, avail, employ, utilize
这组词均含有“使用”或“利用”之意。
use强调利用人或物作为工具。
He used up all his resources in experimenting with the new paint.他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。
Apply 指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。
We should not only know the theory but also know how to apply it to practice.我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西，或使别人为自己提供服务。I don’t think complaints will avail you much.我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。
We avail ourselves of every opportunity to speak English.我们利用一切机会讲英语。
employ指使用未被利用的东西；用于人时表示雇用。
He doesn’t know how to employ his energy and time.他不知道该怎么利用他的精力和时间。
utilize指充分发挥某物的作用，使无用的东西变有用，或使人或物有新用途。
She hopes to utilize her artistic talents in the job.她希望在工作中发挥她的艺术才能。
全真模拟试题
1. My pain ______ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”A. must beB. must have beenC. had beenD. had to be
2. It is only when you nearly lose someone ______ fully conscious of how much you value him.
A. do you becomeB.then you become
C. that you becomeD.have you become
3. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ______ the
atmosphere.
A. as it isB. so isC. the same asD. and so is
4. While driving along the treacherous road, ______.
A. my right rear tyre blew out
B. my right rear tyre had a blowout
C.I had a blownout on my right rear tyre
D. I had my right rear tyre blowout
5. Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of AfroAmerican poetry
is his insistence that it ______ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
A. is to be analysedB. has been analysed
C. be analysedD. should have been analysed
6.______ there is little we can do to modify the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.
A. Since B.WhenC.WhileD. Unless
7.This organization brought Western artists together in the hope ofma
king more of an impact on the artcommunity ______ any of them could individually and to promote Western art by women.
A. rather than B.rather C. thanD. other than
8. But the Swiss discovered long years ago that constant warfare brought
them ______ suffering and poverty.
A. anything butB. nothing but
C. none other thanD. no more than
9. After ______ seemed an endless wait,it was her turn to step into the doctor’s office.
A.it B.thatC.whatD. which
10. The board deemed it’s urgent that these files ______
right away.
A. had to be printedB. should have been printed
C. must be printedD. should be printed
11. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any ______
of it at all.
A. explanationB. meaningC. senseD. interpretation
12. You should have your eyes tested every year in case the ______
ofyour spectacles need changing.
A. lenses B.glassesC.sightsD.crystals
13. The school committee hoped that their choice of play would be ______ with the students and their parents.
A. recognizedB. popularC. favorableD. fascinated
14. By cutting down trees we ______ the natural home of birds and animals.
A. harmB. hurtC. injureD. damage
15. Mr. Robinson knew that the most trivial chore could prove to be a ______ if approached with enthusiasm.
A. prizeB. rewardC.refundD. bonus
16. The trade unions in this industry are ______ any reduction in wages.
A. objecting againstB. opposed to
C. reacted toD.resisting against
17. She was teaching me ______ you would teach a younger child to speak the language.
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
A. the wayB.in the wayC. a wayD.to the way18. The Brownings have not ______ yet and I doubt whether they will come.
A turned inB. turned outC.turned upD. turned to
19.We went on a(n) ______ to the mountain yesterday.
A.excursionB.tripC. tourD. travel
20.When Sarah and I ______ on an article for the school newspaper, we found it difficult to work together.
A. compiledB. gathered
C. collaboratedD. collected
21.Beth could ______ her coat because it hadlarge
red buttons.
A. recognizeB.proveC.defineD. claim
22.Postal ______ are determined by the class and weight of the parcel mailed.
A. taxesB.paymentC. feesD. premium
23.My father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing______.
A. help B. aid C.support D.tool
24.On New Year’s Eve, there will be a firework ______
at People’s Square.
A. displayB.performance C. show D. exhibition
25.The ______ of beer and alcohol in New Zealand is very high.
A. consumption B. use C.drinkD. absorption
您的得分率为：/ 25
试题答案与解析
1. B) 【句意】我刚一走进房间时一定表现得
很痛苦，因为我遇到的第一个人同情地问我：“你没事吧?”
【难点】must与完成时不定式连用往往表示对过去发生的事情的主观推测
，常译成“一定是…”。
2. C) 【句意】只有当你快要失去什么人时，
你才充分意识到他对你是多么重要。
【难点】该句是一个典型的强调句式，即It is...that...。
3. B) 【句意】正像土壤是地球的一部分，大
气层也是。
【难点】Just as...，so...为一固定结构，意为“正如…，…也…”。
4. C) 【句意】当我在险峻的山路上驾车急驰
时，车的右后胎爆了。
【难点】此句为一个带有时间状语从句的主从复合句。在英语中，由while, when等引导的
时间状语从句，如果其主语与主句中的主语相同，从句中的主语可以省略，而只剩下分词短
语。驾车的应该是人，所以只能从C)和D)选，而D)的意义不符，所以选C)。
5. C) 【句意】杰恩·瓦格那对亚非诗歌最永恒
的贡献是他坚持认为，这类诗歌除用凡俗的参考框架，还应用宗教的参考框架进行研究。
【难点】insistence是个从insist派生来的名词，二者后面分别接同位语
从句和宾语从句，句中皆应使用虚拟形式，即should+动词原形或动词原形。
6. C) 【句意】尽管我们在改变天气方面无能
为力，但我们至少知道天气未来的变化。
【难点】while除表示时间外，还可表示转折、让步，意为“尽管，虽然”。该句中其它选项不具备此意。
7. C) 【句意】该组织把西部艺术家聚集在一
起，希望
他们比任何个人都能更多地影响艺术界，并由妇女来促进西部艺术。
【难点】选项C)的than与句中的more形成正确搭配，意为“比…都…”，故为答案。
8. B) 【句意】但是多年以前瑞士人就发现连
年不断的战争给他们带来的只有苦难和贫穷。
【难点】nothing but意为“仅仅，只不过”；anything but意为“除…
以外的任何事”；none other than意为“不是别人，正是…”；no more than意为“不过，仅仅”。
9. C) 【句意】在经过一段似乎是漫无边际的
等候之后，终于轮到她走进医生的办公室。
【难点】在由after引导的介词短语中，what seemed(to be)起定语作用，修饰an endless wait。又如：I saw what seemed to be a fox.我看见一个似乎是狐狸的东西。
10. D) 【句意】董事会认为这些卷宗应立刻打印。
【难点】urgent在句中做形式宾语it的补足语，其后的宾语从句应使用虚拟式，即should+动词原形。
11. C) 【句意】他的答案很不清楚，我根本弄
不懂。
【难点】sense意为“意义；含义”,短语make sense of意为“弄懂…的
意思”；explanation意为“解释，说明，阐述”，侧重说明事件的真相、原因；meaning意为“意义，意思；
含义”，但不能在make sense of 短语中代替sense；interpretation意为“解释，说明，阐明”，比较正式。
12. A) 【句意】你应该每年检查一次自己的眼睛，因为你的眼镜镜片也许需要更换。
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
【难点】lenses意为“镜片”；glasses意为“眼镜”；sights意为“视野；风景”；crystals意为“水晶，晶体”。
13. B) 【句意】校董会希望他们选择的那出剧
会受到孩子和家长的欢迎。
【难点】popular意为“讨人喜欢的；得人心的；受欢迎的”。recognized意为“被赏识的
；受表彰的”。favorable意为“赢得赞许的；讨人喜欢的”，但后面不能接with。fascinated意为“被迷住的，被弄得神魂颠倒的”。
14. D) 【句意】我们砍伐树木的行为损坏了鸟
兽的自然家园。
【难点】damage意为“加害于…，损伤…”；harm意为“对…有害”；hurt意为“疼痛，受伤，(精神上)伤害”；injure意为“使受伤”，身体受外力伤害。
15. B) 【句意】罗宾逊先生知道，如果带着热
情去做，最琐碎的家务也能证明是一种报偿。
【难点】reward意为“报答；奖赏”；prize意为“奖金，奖品”；refun
d意为“退款”；bonus意为“奖金，红利”。
16. B) 【句意】该行业工会反对降低工资。
【难点】be opposed to意为“反对，对抗”；object against不常用；react to意为“作出反应，反应”；resist不与against连用。
17. A) 【句意】她教我那门语言的方式简直就
象在教一个小孩说话。
【难点】the way后接从句，意为“以…方式”。in the way意为“妨碍(
某人)”。a way 和to the way不是固定搭配。
18. C) 【句意】勃朗宁一家人还没露面，我怀
疑他们会不会来。
【难点】turn up意为“出现，露面”；turn in意为“归还，递交…”；
turn out意为“原来是，证明是”；turn to 意为“求助于；求教于”。
19. A) 【句意】昨天我们到那座山里进行了一次远足观光。
【难点】excursion意为“远足，短途旅行”；trip意为“旅游出行；行
程”；tour意为“游历；观光”；travel意为“(长途)旅行”。
20. C) 【句意】当我和萨拉为校报合作一篇文
章时，我们发现很难在一起工作。
【难点】collaborate意为“合作，合著”；compile意为“汇集；编辑”
；gather意为“聚会，集会”；collect意为“收集；集合”。
21. A) 【句意】贝丝能认出自己的大衣，因为
她的大衣上有红色的大钮扣。
【难点】recognize意为“认出，识别”；prove意为“证明，证实”；de
fine意为“下定义”；claim意为“认领；索取”。
22. C) 【句意】邮资是根据所邮包裹的等级和
重量来定的。
【难点】fee意为“费(如会费，入场费，手续费等)”；tax意为“税，税
款”；payment意为“支付，付款”；premium意为“津贴；酬金”。
23. B) 【句意】我父亲耳聋得厉害，不得不使
用助听器。
【难点】aid意为“辅助器具”；help意为“帮助”；support意为“支持”；tool意为“工具”。
24. A) 【句意】新年除夕，人民广场将举行焰
火表演。
【难点】display意为“展示性表演”；performance意为“文艺演出；表演”；show意为“
展览；展览会”；exhibition也是“展览会”，属销售性质。
25. A) 【句意】在新西兰，啤酒和白酒的消费
量很大。
【难点】consumption意为“消费量”;use意为“使用，用途”;drink意
为“饮料”；absorption意为“吸收”。
TestThree
关于dare的意义和用法
作为情态动词表示“胆敢”，dare通常只用于否定陈述句和疑问句。例如：
I dare not go there.
How dare he say such rude things about me?
dare作为情态助动词没有过去式形式，其否定式为daren’t，既可指现在时间，也可指过去时间。例如：
Tom wanted to come, but he daren’t.
dare还可用主动词，随后的不定式可带to,也可不带to。例如：
He does not dare (to) answer.
Does she dare (to) go there alone?
近义词辨析
besides, but, except, except for
这组词均含有“除…外”的意思。
besides “除…外，还有…”，指更进一步的拥有，包括所“除”事物在内。
Have you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗?
but不包括所引事物在内，多与nothing, not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anybody等连用。
He has nobody but himself to blame for that.那件事他没法指责别人，只能怪他自己。
except不包括所引事物。常与no, none, nothing等否定词或all,everyone, everything等连用，但不可用于句首。
They all went to the Summer Palace except one.除一人之外他们都去了颐和园。
except for常指除去所引情况让人稍感遗憾之外，整体情况尚属理想，被除去的事物与正在谈及的事物之间不具有共同属性或性质。
The roads were clear except for a few cars.除几辆小汽车外，路面很空旷。
全真模拟试题
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
1.The bank is reported in the local newspaper ______ in broad daylight yesterday.A. to be robbed B. robbed
C. to have been robbedD. having been robbed
2.______ before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a success.
A. Though having never acted
B. As he had never acted
C. Despite he had never acted
D. In spite of his never having acted
3.By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world’s
population ______ in cities rather than in the country.
A. are livingB. will be living
C. have livedD.will have lived
4.Mr. Milton prefers to resign ______ part in such dish
onest business deals.
A. than take B.than to take
C. rather than takeD. rather than to take
5.No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ______ going on in the world.
A. it is B.as is C.there is D.what is
6.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _____ a sudden loud noise.
A. being thereB.should there be
C.there was D. there have been
7.Bit by bit , a child makes the necessary changes to make his language ______.
A. as other peopleB.as other people’s
C.like other people D.like other people’s
8.Clothing made of plastic fibres has certain advantages over ______
made of natural fibres like cotton, wool, or silk.
A. one B.the one C.that D.what
9.The treasury issued an order stating that ______ lan
d purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver.
A. henceforthB.moreoverC. wherebyD.however
10.The students expected there ______ more reviewing classes before the final exams.
A. is B.beingC. have been D.to be
11.It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work that ______ into hard currency.
A. translates B. transfers
C. transplantsD. transmits
12.In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ______
or may give you a choice of topics to write about.
A. in advance B. ahead of C. above all D. right away
13.It was the driver’s ______ that caused him to step
on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb.
A. fraud B. alarmC. terrorD. panic
14.Danny left this ______ message on my answering machine:
“I must see you. Meet me at twelve o’clock.” Did he mean noon or midnight?
A. ambiguousB.responsible
C. implicitD. thoughtful
15.We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all ______.
A.reserved for B. engaged in
C. used upD. taken up
16. She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she can’t ______ this loud noise any longer.
A. come up with B. catch up with
C. keep up withD. put up with
17.Tom ______ his new job with confidence.
A. set out B. set offC. set up D. set about
18.The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speed ______.
A. rangeB. limitC. ruleD. regulation
19.The crippled Jack proudly walked with a ______ to the platform to join the children.
A. jump B. limp C. hopD. jog
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
20.He cannot ______ a car, for he does not earn much money.A. obtain B. affordC. donate D. consume
21.The message is clear: Just as tea and banana cant’t go together, _________ should the son of a lowclass family expect to marry the daughter of a nobleman.
A. either B.notC. neitherD. nor
22.Though ______ rich, she was better off than at any
other period in her life.
A. by means of B. within her means
C. by all meansD. by no means
23.It is a(n) ______ attitude to take towards life.
A. absurd B. sillyC. stupid D. authentic
24.Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that ______ one year of college.
A. improves B. subsidizesC. obligesD. inflicts
25.He wrote the book in ______ with his wife.
A. proportion B. installment
C. correspondence D. collaboration
您的得分率为：/ 25
试题答案与解析
1. C) 【句意】据当地报纸报道，那家银行昨天在光天化日下遭到抢劫。
【难点】动词不定式的完成式做主语的补足语，说明不定式的行为发生在谓语动作之前。
2. D) 【句意】虽然他以前从未表演过，但他
为业余剧团做的首次表演还是很成功。
【难点】in spite of意为“尽管，虽然”，后接名词或名词性短语，引导出来状语。选项A
)没有主语或逻辑主语，选项B)是原因状语从句，选项C)的despite不能引导状语从句，因为
它是介词。
3. B) 【句意】到二十一世纪中叶，世界上大
多数人口将生活在城市而不是农村。
【难点】因为时间状语by the middle of the 21st century指的是将来
，所以选将来进行时。
4. C) 【句意】米尔先生宁愿辞职也不参加这
种不诚实的商业交易。
【难点】prefer意为“宁愿”，其后接名词或动词不定式；prefer to do
sth. r
ather than do sth.意为“宁愿…而不愿…”，rather than后接不带to的不定式。
5. C) 【句意】大家都没有时间去读或去听有
关世界上正在发生的一切事件的描述。
【难点】在以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中，如关系代词作主语，则
关系代词便可省略。
6. B) 【句意】如果突然出现巨大的噪音，这
些动物真的有可能受到惊吓。
【难点】该句是一个省略if的倒装的虚拟条件句，可还原为“if there should be...”。
7. D) 【句意】一点一点地，儿童就会将自己
的语言作些必要的修改，而使之与他人的语言相像。
【难点】as和like都可以表示“像…一样”，但as是连词，后跟从句，like是介词，后跟名词或名词性短语。
8. C) 【句意】用塑料纤维制成的衣服比用棉
花、羊毛或丝绸等天然纤维制成的衣服有些优势。
【难点】clothing是衣服、被褥的总称，不能用one或the one来指代。wh
at相当于“先行词+that”，后边要接从句。所以只能用that指代clothing。
9. A) 【句意】财政部发布命令，从即日起，
向政府购买土地须以金、银支付。
【难点】henceforth意为“从今以后”，符合题意要求。
10. D) 【句意】学生们期望期末考试前能有更
多的复习课。
【难点】动词expect后必须接动词不定式作其宾语，因此，只有D)为正确。
11. A) 【句意】暑假期间，我们第一次尝到了
把劳动变成货币的滋味。
【难点】translate意为“变换，把…转化成”；transfer意为“移交，
迁移”；transplant意为“移植(器官)”；transmit意为“传染(疾病)，传达(知识)”。
12. A) 【句意】在有些情况下，你的导师会事
先告诉你题目或把题目给你由你选写。
【难点】in advance意为“事先，预先”；ahead of意为“在…之前
”；above all意为“尤其，最重要的是”；right away意为“立刻；马上”。
13. D) 【句意】车上了马路边后，司机由于惊
慌，没踩刹车，却踩了油门。
【难点】panic意为“惊慌，慌乱”；fraud意为“欺骗，骗局”；alarm
意为“警报”；terror意为“恐怖”。
14. A) 【句意】丹尼在我们回答机上留下一条
模棱两可的信息：“我必须见你。12点来接我。”他是说中午还是半夜?
【难点】ambiguous意为“模棱两可的；含糊的”；responsible意为“负
责的”；implicit意为“暗含的”；thoughtful意为“沉思的，思考的”。
15. D) 【句意】我们要找个桌子坐下，可是所
有餐桌都已有人。
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
【难点】take up意为“占去(时间、地方、注意力等)”；reserve for意为“为…留
出，保留”；engage in意为“从事；参加”；use up意为“用完，用光；耗尽”。
16. D) 【句意】她将不得不去别处找工作，因
为她再也不能忍受这么大的噪音。
【难点】put up with意为“忍受，容忍”；come up with意为“(针对问
题、挑战)提出，想
出”；catch up with意为“赶上”；keep up with意为“跟上(人、潮流、形势等)”。
17. D) 【句意】汤姆满怀信心地投入新的工作。
【难点】set about意为“开始；着手”；set out意为“开始”，常与as
, in, on连用；set off意为“(使)做某事”；set up意为“开业，开始经商”。
18. B) 【句意】卡车司机因超速而被罚款。
【难点】limit意为“限制；界限”；range意为“(知识、知觉、听觉等
的)范围
”；regulation意为“规定，规则”；rule和regulation是近义词，意为“规定，规章”。
19. B) 【句意】跛脚的杰克充满自豪，一颠一
跛地走上台，加入孩子们的行列。
【难点】limp意为“跛行”；jump意为“跳，跃”；hop意为“(人们)单
足跳”；jog意为“慢跑；缓行”。
20. B) 【句意】他买不起小汽车，因为他挣钱
不多。
【难点】afford意为“买得起”；obtain意为“得到，获得”；donate意
为“捐，赠”；consume意为“消耗，耗尽”。
21. C) 【句意】这是明摆着的事：就像茶叶和
香蕉不相搭配一样，下层阶级家庭的儿子也不可能指望娶一个贵族的女儿。
【难点】neither用于否定句之后，意为“…亦不…”；either用于否定
句，意为“(二者之
中的)任何一方都(不)…”；nor意为“…也不…(置于否定句之后)”；not在本句中说
不通。
22. D) 【句意】虽谈不上有钱，但她目前的境
况比以往任何时候都要好。
【难点】by no means意为“一点也不…”；by means of意为“用，依靠
”；within one’s means不是固定短语；by all means意为“无论如何，务必”。
23. A) 【句意】这是一种荒唐的生活态度。
【难点】absurd意为“荒唐的；滑稽可笑的”；silly意为“
傻的；愚蠢的”；stupid意为“笨的，麻木的”；authentic意为“可靠的；真诚的；真的”
24. B) 【句意】每年，我们学校会有一名同学
获得一笔奖学金作为一年的大学生活补贴。
【难点】subsidize意为“给…津贴；资助”；improve意为“改进，改善
”；oblige意为“施恩惠于，帮…忙”；inflict意为“予以(打击)；使遭受(损伤，苦痛等)”。
25. D) 【句意】他和妻子合作写了一本书。
【难点】collaboration意为“合作；协作”，in collaboration with为
固定搭配；proportion意为“比例”；installment意为“分期付款”；correspondence意为“符合；一致”。
定语从句中关系代词that的用法
1)在既指人又指事物的两个或两个以上的先行词后面。例如：
They are talking about the people and countries that they had visited.
2)在限制性定语从句中有形容词最高级的先行词后面。例如：
He is the best student that I have ever met.
3)在以“It is...”,“It was...”等开头的强调句中，和相应的疑问句中。如：
What is it that he wants?
4)在only, all, little的后面
This is all that I know.
5)在no, every, some和any等词后面，也包括在它们的复合词在内。如：
There is no person that is always in the right.
Is there anything that I can do for you?
近义词辨析
beautiful, goodlooking, handsome, lovely, pretty
这组词均含有“美丽”、“漂亮”、“可爱”的意思。
Beautiful指能不仅给人带来感官上的快乐，而且通过感官产生思想和灵魂的愉悦，在同类词中层次最高。
She was even more beautiful than I had remembered.她比我记忆中的她更漂亮了。
goodlooking 不如handsome, pretty意思强烈，指一般的“好看”或“悦目”。
That goodlooking young man visited the house once or twice a week.那个长相不错的年轻人一星期光顾一两次。
handsome 通常是一种客观的不带感情色彩的评价。一个人如被形容为handsome,是指此人外貌符合观察者的要求，但不激发更深层的感受。
He looked very handsome in his dark suit.他穿深色西装显得非常英俊。
lovely比感官的快乐更进一步，是强调纯粹情感上的愉悦，指觉得某人或某物“可爱”。
Mary has two lovely daughters.玛丽有两个可爱的女儿。
pretty也是“漂亮、可爱”的意思。很少形容大而有影响力的事物，多形容事物不以其优秀、完美而以小巧、优雅、精致见长，使人容易接受并喜爱。
Her boyfriend believes that she is the prettiest girl in the town.她男朋友觉得她是镇上最漂亮的女孩。
专业四级考前必补资料：语法词汇
全真模拟试题
1. Evidence came up ______ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.
A. what B. that C. which D. whose
2. I understand ______ preparation that staff must put in under pressure to meet the deadline.
A. more than the enormous amount of
B. better than most the enormous number of
C. better than most the enormous amount of
D. fewer than the number of
3. I’m sure your suggestion will ______ the problem.
A. contribute to solving
B. be contributed to solve
C. contribute to solve
D. be contributed to solving
4. In 1840, both Lucretian Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton resented ______ proper seating at the World’s Antislavery convention in London because of their sex.
A. refusing B. to be refused
C. being refusedD. having refused
5. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it
______ before the West was settled.
A. could B. did C.wouldD. was
6. You should have put the milk into the icebox, I expect it ______ undrinkable.
A. became B.had become
C. has becomeD. becomes
7. It’s no good ______ him. He is always indifferent towards others’ matters.
A. to turn toB. turning toC. turn toD. turned to
8. Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis
on pressure ______.
A. than more on efficiency
B. and more on efficiency
C. and more efficiency
D. than efficiency
9. She always put her medication on the top of the shelf lest the children
______ it by mistake.
A. took B. should takeC. had takenD. would take
10. The earnings of women are well below that of men ______
educational differences that are diminishing between the two sexes.
A. although B.though C. despite ofD. in spite of
11. Many automobile accidents were ______ careless driving.
A. attributed to B. resulted in
C. contributed toD. raised from
12. The actress wanted a hat to ______ her dress.
A. go by B. go throughC. go outD. go with
13. It takes a lot of______ to put on a school play such
as King Lear.
A. organization B. arrangement
C. management D. preparation
14. The police carried out a(n)______ search for the mising boy.
A. complete B. entireC. thorough D. whole
15. The ______ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London.
A. valuedB. valueless C. invaluable D. usable
16. Tom has been a vegetarian ______ principle for years.
A. in B.onC. for D. by
17. When I got out of the car and walked about among them, ______
one old man who shook his head disapprovingly, they all began to cheer.
A. see that B. except that
C.provided thatD. except for
18. ______ the water left in the kettle, the doctor put
several things he unwrapped from a handkerchief.
A. At B.To C. Within D. Into
19. I am ______ grateful for the many kindnesses you have shown my son.
A. excessively B. much C. certainly D. exceedingly
20. The ______ of AIDS has led to an expansion in resear
ch seeking a cure.
A. innovation B. selection C. proliferation D. conviction
21. I am sorry I have no time at present to ______ more
detail or give you an account of other cities of interest.
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