集体名词作主语主谓一致( i; b$ O! N( u3 c }+ p3 F6 o# f* j
1)通常作复数的集体名词
* H6 F# ?2 f. Q 集体名词,如:police, people,cattle,militia,poultry等,% c. z: m( ]0 F. N) i) @
通常作复数,用复数动词。如:! v9 Z4 ?, j7 R$ x, c+ @
Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.. E6 E4 n# j0 k- }& V% u6 C& l
2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词
0 ~" b) K* Q* G4 N 有些集体名词,如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词,随后的动词用单数。例如:All the machinery in the factory is made in China.
- x. y6 K2 D$ v. P/ t5 g8 { 3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词( w/ h5 b: n' a8 x/ \/ m
集体名词,如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等,既可作单数,也可作复数用。 u5 R! z& E5 X& B
The city council is meeting to set its agenda.
3 W6 G1 M4 N$ M3 ]# _) R. U 4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词6 `& F6 g0 w4 I* ^
如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成,随后的动词通常用单数。例如:8 X5 h* K0 a) A
A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.
6 P; X1 ?) z N- O1 |9 p: N- K1 A" }, k 近义词辨析
. O6 M2 o$ I( ~7 H, [1 H tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, wornout
, v8 K& A6 T( B F( Z& l* L5 H 这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。( b) }* q Z* K; |5 O& O/ s8 e/ A
tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息,还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。
6 d6 x! s1 Z# X9 d5 I8 F Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫,一到家就上床睡觉去了。
2 x* \# q* X% B r/ Y% ]6 a exhausted1 q4 m1 M' Q4 O) Q! f, j: H# {
表达的疲惫程度最强,指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。- K1 D+ k3 G8 P6 S. O5 _1 p8 w
The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。2 T# }+ Z$ T( S- I2 u7 H
fatigued, W+ l/ Z5 y8 i# e
所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强,表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏,不能再继续下去。/ S/ r. C2 C9 c- o, Q3 k9 O) @# `
He felt fatigued and didn’t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪,不想说一句话。% R+ S; u- q% A8 U2 I2 C2 F: G
weary
: D$ L; {3 x, g. Z \0 Q 语气比tired强,指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。" K# M' D: _$ a8 ^& k) ^
After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后,飞机终于来接他们回去了。
; }5 G% [% i1 h7 z8 C# _ wornout; Q# [9 y: d" }: J5 b
这个词不太正式,多用于口语。. ^. @; r6 b; e V1 ?( f
The troops were wornout after winning the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。
& u2 j: u$ _- ~; e 全真模拟试题
( K/ Q F6 v3 c% o J 1. Although ______ Spanish, he attended the course.
7 ?4 S0 k4 C% [/ o: J7 d A. he was knowing B. he is knowing
. {5 h4 C; \/ O, ~9 I% _0 x/ i C. having a knowledge of D. knows) j! u* U! L; _$ Q' G# b1 k
2. You ______that letter to James. However, you didn’t.5 r" ^4 b5 X3 ]! z: g* d
A. ought to write B. ought to have written% c. e4 l/ v5 Y% I% H5 N; A3 B+ m$ a" ^/ c
C. should write D. should be writing% U; P, c9 ]3 \
3. Joseph was very lucky ______ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room.
) b. ]/ s; ^: I+ W; S. t A. to escape B. to have escaped2 V8 F9 x2 R3 B. I
C. to escaping D. to be escaping
* \4 X9 r0 D2 |% ~; O 4. Bread and butter ______liked by Westerners.; _" A* U* E+ p/ M" B
A. is B. are C. were D. be
: G# X, {. ?7 N$ ~! p 5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ______2 i- Z0 H1 l2 X# m) m
very pleasant to sit on in summer.
% ?- S. J9 N1 z. x5 M- n) b% | A. which is B. which it is C. it is D. where it is, L$ \7 J) m9 S9 P1 @
6. He set up in business ______ his own and was very successful., L% y2 X% J' K/ z8 ]3 R) ~
A. in B. of C. on D. by
, T! |5 \6 R6 |6 {- d6 ^ z+ U5 b 7. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ______6 z" a* ~0 w l. _& b8 z6 g1 L, P
last night.
# p7 w! b4 a0 n: U* V+ r A. must study B. should have studied1 Q$ u& v, X8 ~! Y& {4 R$ `
C. must have studied D. is sure to study3 b8 W, v$ c8 k
8. Frank almost never received any education, ______?
. g* n4 d& x) e* r' s A. would he B. did he& M; ?/ w5 L& s c8 E
C. didn’t he D. wouldn’t he* j! j# m* q6 ]: h( `5 Y; E
9. Even if his letter ______ tomorrow, it ______
0 x5 h6 {8 @7 V+ J0 @ too late to do anything.
* f+ l# p; L9 a/ e A. will arrive...is B. should arrive...were
! s9 h$ D+ P; X+ g* T$ N C. arrives...will be D. arrives...would be
2 c/ j' W* A. W; @( T 10. We can hear ______from the back of the room.2 h2 N* j9 N; E" W. D7 R
A. just as good B. just as easy
2 y# ^1 X! O& l" ]1 C# M C. just as well D. easily as well/ }3 F5 X4 X& c0 Q# n$ A. Y
11. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two ______
8 Y. t1 Y7 S0 e3 ^$ M3 f7 O) b of paint on a clean surface.
& N5 j/ }0 s, G8 M A. coats B. levels C. times D. courses6 q! S) Z# e+ ]% A! \+ t
12. The small mountain village was ______ by the snow) }0 X: [5 L) \* g
for more than one month.% e5 P" z% @% U1 P/ t/ j) b
A. cut back B. cut out& [7 B2 o" y+ T0 d1 F
C. cut off D. cut away
! I& l/ z$ r8 D+ C 13. Miss Green was ______ $100 for driving after drinking.3 m K& I0 O+ v
A. fined B. charged C. punished D. posed |