名师指导：分析IBT阅读词汇题和文本插入题
词汇题： 基本介绍:iBT阅读词汇题指的是从语言环境(简称语境)中理解词汇。语境在这里又称上下文。英语单词常常是一词多义，词汇题除了考察考生是否具备一定单词量以外，还测试考生在一定语境下准确地理解词义的技能。这类题不属于新题型，新托福的变化在于单词的难度降低，而灵活性却大大增加。新托福更侧重考生的阅读能力，而不是单纯的考查某一个孤立的语言点。
常用题型：
The word/phrase…in the passage is closest in meaning to…
The word/phrase…in the passage means…
The word/phrase… in paragraph…refers to…
What is…?
“猜词”
词汇量大对于理解一篇文章来说至关重要。不过有时可通过上下文来推断或猜测词意，比如可通过例句，对比词，同义词活文章其他段落的解释等。
“推断”
英语单词常常一词多义，准确的词义一定要依语境而定。值得注意的是，并不是所有的词都能从语境种推断出来，在又干扰项的情况下，你有时没有任何线索可以猜测出生词的词义，事先记住该词的词义是唯一正确回答该题的方式。
3. “增加词汇量”
掌握一定的词汇量是很重要的。每一篇文章种都有2至3个词汇题，总共8至10个。
案例:
Trends in clothing fashions are often engineered by clothing designers, advertisers, and the media to create a particular “look”. The “grunge” look is an example of a heavily promoted fashion. Fashions are more universally subscribed to than fads. Wearing athletic shoes as casual attire is a good example of a universal fashion.
Glossary:
Grunge: One that is dirty, inferior, obnoxious, or boring.
The words subscribed to in the passage is closest in meaning to
A: advertised
B: donated to
C: followed
D: led
分析:
1. 选项C正确. Followed意为追随,按语境来说是在意思上最接近subscribed to.
2. 选项A属干扰项,是promoted同义词. Donate to虽然有subscribe to的意思,但不能在这个语境下使用,它是subscribe to 的其他意思, subscribe to money指给慈善机构或大选后选人捐款.
3. 选项D的原形lead是follow的反义词,起干扰作用.
总之,排除干扰选项,即临近词的同义词，所考查词汇的近义词，反义词及概括总结上下文的词汇等,加上上面的考试技巧,相信可以取得不错的成绩!
插入文本题：
基本介绍:
文章中有4处空格，题干是一句话，要求考生根据逻辑关系把句子拖拽到文章的段落中最合适的地方，这也是拖拽题中的一种形式。衔接词包括代词，形容词，关联词等表示过渡的短语。这类题要求考生快速了解文章的结构，提炼中心思想。
出题形式:
托福阅读考试有3篇文章，每篇可涉及0至1道此类问题，总共有3题。这类题型考查考生对文章的合理性和完整性的判断，以及句与句之间和段与段之间的逻辑关系。
考试技巧:
熟识各类衔接词：代词，形容词。连词等表示过渡的短语，注意同义词及文中经常重复的词。特别注意重复使用的词，它可以帮你找出表示概括的主题句和表示细节的支持句的关系。一些表示顺序的词要留意：如first…second…another等。
案例:
Look at the four squares, A, B, C, D, which indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage? Where would the sentence best fit?
In addition, human beings require the give and take of actual interaction.
The value of these replacement voices should not be oversold. For one thing, almost everyone agrees that too much TV does not one any good and may cause much harm. A Many studies show that excessive TV watching increases violent behavior, especially in children, and can cause, rather than ease, other antisocial behaviors and depression. B Steven Pinker, an expert in children’s language acquisition, warns that children cannot develop language properly by watching television. C They need to interact with actual speakers who respond directly to their specific needs. D Replacement voices are not real voices and in the end can do only limited good.
Where would the sentence best fit?
Click on a square to …add the sentence to the passage.
分析:
选项C正确.注意插入句中的interaction和C句中所提到的interact的意思的重复.
2. 插入句属概况的主题句, C句是表示细节的支持句,其中的they指代human beings.
总之,把握住了以上技巧,加上自己的努力,相信可以轻松突破iBT阅读插入文本题.
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