托福阅读历年真题精选11
Question 1-9Often enough the craft worker’s place of employment in ancient Greece was set in
rural isolation. Potter, for instance, found it convenient to locate their workshops near
their source of clay, regardless of its relation to the center of settlement, At Corinth and
line Athens, however, two of the best-known potters’ quarters were situated on the cities’
outskirts, and potters and makers of terra-cotta figurines were also established well within
the city of Athens itself. The techniques of pottery manufacture had evolved well before
the Greek period, but marked stylistic developments occurred in shape and in decoration,
for example, in the interplay of black and other glazes with the red surface of the fired pot.
Athenian black-figure and red-figure decoration, which emphasized human figures rather
than animal images, was adopted between 630 and 530 B.C.；its distinctive color and luster
were the result of the skillful adjustments of the kiln’s temperature during an extended
three-stage period if firing the clayware. Whether it was the potters or the vase-painters
who initiated changes in firing is unclear; the functions of making and decorating were
usually divided between them, but neither group can have been so specialized the they
did not share in the concerns of the other.
The broad utility of terra-cotta was such that workers in clay could generally afford to
Confine themselves to either decorated ware and housewares like cooking pots and storage
Jars or building materials like roof tiles and drainpipes. Some sixth-and fifth-century B.C.
Athenian pottery establishments are known to have concentrated on a limited range of fine
ware, but a rural pottery establishment on the island of Thasos produced many types of
pottery and roof tiles too, presumably to meet local demand. Molds were used to create
particular effects for some products, such as relief-decorated vessels and figurines; for
other products such as roof tiles, which were needed in some quantity, they were used to
facilitate mass production. There were also a number of poor-quality figurines and painted
(25) pots produced in quantity by easy, inexpensive means- as numerous featureless statuettes and unattractive cases testify.
1. The passage mainly discusses ancient Greek pottery and its
(A) production techniques
(B) similarity to other crafts
(C) unusual materials
(D) resemblance to earlier pottery
托福阅读历年真题精选11
2. The phrase “regardless of” in line 3 is closest in meaning to </p>(A) as a result of(B) no matter what
(C) proud of
(D) according to
3. It can be inferred from the passage that most pottery establishments in ancient Greece were situated
(A) in city centers
(B) on the outskirts of cities
(C) where clay could be found
(D) near other potters’ workshops
4. The word “marked” in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) original
(B) attractive
(C) noticeable
(D) patterned
5. The word “confine” in line 17 is closest in meaning to
(A) adapt
(B) train
(C) restrict
(D) organize
6. It can be inferred from the passage that terra-cotta had which of the following advantages”
(A) It did not break during the firing process.
(B) It was less expensive than other available materials.
(C) Its surface had a lasting shine.
(D) It could be used for many purposes.
7. The word “presumably” in line 21 is closest in meaning to
(A) frequently
(B) practically
(C) preferably
(D) probably
8. The word “they” in line 23 refers to
(A) molds
(B) particular effects
(C) products
(D) vessels and figurines
9. According to the passage, all of the following are true of ancient Greek potters and vase painters EXCEPT:
(A) Their functions were so specialized that they lacked common concerns.
(B) They sometimes produced inferior ware.
(c) They produced pieces that had unusual color and shine.
(D) They decorated many of their works with human images.
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