会计考友 发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39

托福考试辅导:语法讲解(18)

第三章 副词
副词和形容词有着千丝万缕的联系,相当比例的副词都是形容词加后缀-ly构成的,但副词在句中的作用却与形容词有较大区别,需细心领会:副词最主要的功能是作状语,用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、甚至整个句子,这些都是形容词不可替代的作用,但切记在TOEFL题中不可修饰名词
副词可大致分为时间副词(如:now, then, recently), 地点副词(如:here, upstairs, everywhere), 方式副词(如:carefully, rapidly, happily), 程度副词(如:much, quite, extremely), 疑问副词(如:how, when, where), 承接副词(如:besides, however, therefore)等等
副词比较级和最高级的用法基本和形容词相同,形容词比较级的特殊句式同样适用于副词,稍有不同的是副词最高级前的the可用可不用,不用时居多。副词比较级和最高级作为考点的不多,但在题干中多次出现,可留心体会与形容词的区别和联系

第一节 副词修饰动词
修饰动词是副词的最主要作用之一,此处动词的含义包括谓语动词、不定式中的动词,被动式或进行时中的分词形式的动词
例如:You can't possibly arrive there on time.(谓语动词)
It's inconvenient to contact him directly.(不定式中的动词)
Her composition is frequently referred to as original. (被动式)
改错题中常误用形容词修饰动词,要注意识别
例题:
(1)
In the United States, sleds for recreation were first produced commercial in the 1870's or thereabouts.
应改为:commercially
解释:形容词commercial不能修饰谓语动词produce, 需改为副词
(2)
According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees ----,with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.
(A) facially
(B) their faces
(C) having facial
(D) they had faces
答案:A
解释:resemble一词是本句的谓语动词, 已有了宾语chimpanzees, 之后需要的只可能是用来补充说明的非谓语, B、D可先排除; facial是形容词, 不能作have的宾语, 因此C肯定不对; A是副词, 恰好修饰动词作状语
页: [1]
查看完整版本: 托福考试辅导:语法讲解(18)