托福考试改错题常考要点及例题分析（下）Ⅴ
九、词性的混用词汇量的掌握对词性的使用非常重要，但是如果对出题方向有更好的把握，将会弥补词汇量的不足。
(一)做表语时形容词和副词的混用
做表语永远用形容词，绝对不能用副词；
例：Giant pandas, which inhabit restricted areas of high
A B
mountain bamboo forests, are rarely today and
C
when they are in captivity they breed poorly.
D
分析：错，应改为are rare。rarely为副词，不能作表语，故改为形容词rare(罕见的，稀少的)
(二)加宾语时名词和动名词的混用
后面加宾语当然要用动名词
例：Tilling means preparation the soil to plant the seeds
A B
and keeping the soil in the best condition to
C
help the crop grow until it is ready3 for harvesting.
D
分析：A错，应改为preparing。preparation为名词，后面不能接宾语，改为动名词preparing后既能接宾语，又与后面的keeping构成并列关系。
例：Langston Hughes, a prolific writer of the 1920's,
A
was concerned with the depicting the experience of
B C
urban Black people in the United States.
D
分析：C错，应改为depicting。 depicting在此为动名词，作介词宾语时不加冠词。注意此处还可以改为the depiction of，但略显累赘，因为后面还有of结构。The +动名词，这个动名词其实就变为了名词。
(三)表示时间时，状语从句连接词和近义的介词混用
表示时间有两种可能，
一种是状语从句，由when and while引导，后面加句子
另一种是由介词引导，如during，后面加名词，
考试中往往就利用这个特点，总是给出相反的情况
例：Balloon observations for military intelligence
A B
were made while the American Civil War.
C D
分析：D错，应改为during。while是从属连词或并列连词，后面接句子，后面是名词短语时，应改为介词during。
例：Some of the most celebrated publicity stunts while the
A B C
history of radio were associated with Gracie Allen.
D
分析：C错，应改为in。while为连词，后面要求接从句，而句中显然没有从句，故根据题意改为介词in。
(四)对等连接词和近义的副词混用
连接平行结构的词叫做对等连接词，但是如果出现else, also, instead等副词把这些结构连接起来行不行呢？当然不行。
例：Mary McDowell shared Jane Addam's interest in social
A
work also was a loyal supporter of the League of Nations.
B C D
分析：B错，应改为and。also是副词，不能连接并列的谓语动词，故改为并列连词and。
例：Paper is strong under tension instead crumples
A B C
easily under the stress of compression.
D
分析：C错，应改为but；题目意思是在拉力的作用下很强，而在压力的作用下容易起皱；instead, 副词不能连接两个动词并列，but 的对等连接词和and, or的用法是一样的
(五)表示人的名词和表示事物的词混用
例：An editor is customarily a brief newspaper or magazine
A B
article that gives personal comments on current events.
C D
分析：A错，应改为editorial。 editor的意思是“编辑”，根据题意改为名词editorial(社论)。
例：For centuries, music have played acoustical guitars,
A
which produce sound from the vibration of the strings.
B C D
分析：A错，应改为musicians。music是抽象名词，意为“音乐”，不能表示复数要领显然应改为musicians(音乐家)。
(六) 只能用副词+数量词+名词；不能用形容词
nearly two hundred students, 这里nearly修饰的是200；
two hundred diligent students
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