托福语法指南--词性变化
词性混淆误用一直是TOEEL考题中最重要的命题形式。它与“基本句子结构”（本书要点之1）和“平行结构”（本书要点之4）组成TOEEL命题的三大焦点。有关词性混淆的试题主要集中在written Expression （16-40题）中，命题范围包括（1）并列结构中词性一致、（2）形容词与副词混淆、（3）形容词与名词混淆、（4）名词与动词混淆。其中，形容词用错的题型占此类命题的最大比例。词性混淆常考题型及解题要点1.并列连词and but or结构要求词性统一全真例题分析
（1） Bigness. Boastful. And strong. Frontiersman Mike Fink was the subject of many folk tales. （93.3）
[答案> A并列连词and连接三个形容词，故（A）Bigness应改为Big.
（2） The success of a naval ship is determined by its seaworthiness， speedy ，and maneuverability. （92.10）
[答案> D并列连词and连接三个名词，而speed是形容词，故应改为speed.
（3） Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally state and federal governments. （92.5）
[答案> D并列连词and连接三个形容词性质的词，共同修饰后面的中心词governnenrfs.而locally是副词，应改为local.
（4） In Middle Ages. Books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals， real or imagine， that exemplified human traits. （92.5）
[答案> B并列连词or前面是形容词real.之后亦应是形容词imaginary.
2.形容词错用为副词
解题要点形容词用来修饰说明名词或名词性成分的，而副词则可修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分。
全真例题分析
（1） Animal life on Prince Edward island is confined large to ducks. Pheasants. And rabbits （93.5）
[答案>C修饰限定介词短语to ducks pheasants and rabbits应用副词largely.
（2） The General Sherman tree a giant sequoia in California， has grown to be the world*s largest plant at approximate 272 feet tall.
[答案> D修饰说明数词（272）应用副词approximately.
（3） Because its body is supported by water， the blue whale can grow to a size considerable larger than any land mammal alive today. （93.8）
[答案>修饰形容词短语larger than…应用副词形式considerably.
（4） Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States. Island recent reopened its great hall s a museum of immigration. （92.8） A application应改为applied，作谓语动词的被动语态。
（2） Administrative assistants are often expected to make decisions， supervision staff， delegate responsibility， and work harmoniously with managers and fellow cmployces. （92.100
[答案> B supervision改为动词原形supervise与后面名词组成动宾
结构。
（3） Fascination by the promise of the internal engine and its application to a self-propelled vehicle， Henly Ford constructed a one-cylinder gasoline motor in 1892. （93.10）
[答案> A Fascination改为Fascinated，与后面的by组成过去分词短语作状语。
（4） From 1872 to， Alice Elvira Freeman was Dean of Women at the newly foundation University of Chicago. （93.8）
[答案> D foundation改为founded过去分词作定语，修饰University of Chicago
5.由表示词性的后缀- fur ，-tie -enc.， -ent，-tive都很可能是此题的考试焦点
全真例题分析
（1） Few theories are originality enough to be called unique. （92.10）
[答案> C名词originality应改为形容词original作表语。
（2） Height， powerful and speed are attributes that coaches often look for in basketball players. （93.8）
[答案> A形容词powerful应改为名词power，与height和speed并列。
（3） A major purpose of scientific analysts is to idenufy and examine causal connections between independent and dependence variables. （93.1）
[答案> D名词dependence应改为形容词dependent，用来修饰后面的名词variables.
（4） A deficient of folic acid is rarely found in humans because the vitamin is contained in a wide variety of foods. （92.8）
[答案>A形容词deficient改为名词deficiency.作主语。
（5） In nature， the distributive of plants is obviously
托福语法指南--词性变化
</p> related to climate. （90.8）[答案> B形容词distributive改为名词distribution，用主语。
（6） A foreign exchange rate is a price that reflects the relative supply and demand of difference currencies. （93.5）
[答案> D名词difference改为形容词different，修饰后面的名词。
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