词性混淆误用一直是TOEEL考题中最重要的命题形式。它与“基本句子结构”(本书要点之1)和“平行结构”(本书要点之4)组成TOEEL命题的三大焦点。有关词性混淆的试题主要集中在written Expression (16-40题)中,命题范围包括(1)并列结构中词性一致、(2)形容词与副词混淆、(3)形容词与名词混淆、(4)名词与动词混淆。其中,形容词用错的题型占此类命题的最大比例。词性混淆常考题型及解题要点1.并列连词and but or结构要求词性统一5 M: ]- T% Q. K4 E& C! K
全真例题分析
& a+ n" h* c, p5 L2 O (1) Bigness. Boastful. And strong. Frontiersman Mike Fink was the subject of many folk tales. (93.3)6 {+ z; `- M9 r
[答案> A并列连词and连接三个形容词,故(A)Bigness应改为Big.
& P9 K; Y4 p( d8 h8 l (2) The success of a naval ship is determined by its seaworthiness, speedy ,and maneuverability. (92.10)# c% c; E( X( `7 s& G, v
[答案> D并列连词and连接三个名词,而speed是形容词,故应改为speed.( D6 h6 u( ]/ J7 [2 G
(3) Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally state and federal governments. (92.5)1 ]7 s& c# V* D1 @1 } Y' @' `- l
[答案> D并列连词and连接三个形容词性质的词,共同修饰后面的中心词governnenrfs.而locally是副词,应改为local.% f u: `) U2 P) H% [
(4) In Middle Ages. Books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits. (92.5)3 N$ q/ Q' w* ~% y' S, L. R
[答案> B并列连词or前面是形容词real.之后亦应是形容词imaginary.
" V2 ?; h& S+ ]7 k5 H3 G 2.形容词错用为副词 W, C: O9 r1 F2 E: D9 {
解题要点形容词用来修饰说明名词或名词性成分的,而副词则可修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分。* } Y& ]5 W% U O
全真例题分析/ [ T6 k+ h2 ~9 \ k$ N3 N3 `
(1) Animal life on Prince Edward island is confined large to ducks. Pheasants. And rabbits (93.5)! f+ \+ f! C; i
[答案>C修饰限定介词短语to ducks pheasants and rabbits应用副词largely.
9 B# Q, t6 r( L0 E (2) The General Sherman tree a giant sequoia in California, has grown to be the world*s largest plant at approximate 272 feet tall.2 u' \$ Z( m' @7 p: V
[答案> D修饰说明数词(272)应用副词approximately.
7 S$ J& j& {) _* X; Y: Q (3) Because its body is supported by water, the blue whale can grow to a size considerable larger than any land mammal alive today. (93.8)% }- P. T/ \* d
[答案>修饰形容词短语larger than…应用副词形式considerably.
|- T) `+ c- b. g. q* C, h% j (4) Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States. Island recent reopened its great hall s a museum of immigration. (92.8) A application应改为applied,作谓语动词的被动语态。% Z" i. G: v9 I& q5 m6 K
(2) Administrative assistants are often expected to make decisions, supervision staff, delegate responsibility, and work harmoniously with managers and fellow cmployces. (92.100; [/ ^* u9 J0 O, z* @1 u
[答案> B supervision改为动词原形supervise与后面名词组成动宾' `0 \) ?7 u# `0 V/ F \, L
结构。8 o% j$ {8 V: y' w) @5 o3 ^
(3) Fascination by the promise of the internal engine and its application to a self-propelled vehicle, Henly Ford constructed a one-cylinder gasoline motor in 1892. (93.10)
8 I$ i. R" v) Y" W [答案> A Fascination改为Fascinated,与后面的by组成过去分词短语作状语。; |! h9 W% N2 T# r
(4) From 1872 to, Alice Elvira Freeman was Dean of Women at the newly foundation University of Chicago. (93.8). Q( Q" k5 Z9 ?" P
[答案> D foundation改为founded过去分词作定语,修饰University of Chicago7 M0 ~. u2 n- F P7 z% R$ S2 L8 d0 b
5.由表示词性的后缀- fur ,-tie -enc., -ent,-tive都很可能是此题的考试焦点
# M- c( E0 d% F% K, O# J7 Q 全真例题分析9 [' `8 b) j( E9 ^ d
(1) Few theories are originality enough to be called unique. (92.10)
# G3 i7 ]+ d! l& [ [答案> C名词originality应改为形容词original作表语。
; b4 l1 a/ y- D% R* ^ (2) Height, powerful and speed are attributes that coaches often look for in basketball players. (93.8)
- Q+ M, w9 l' ^6 y/ P [答案> A形容词powerful应改为名词power,与height和speed并列。" P4 H1 ^2 Z4 P$ ]- Q
(3) A major purpose of scientific analysts is to idenufy and examine causal connections between independent and dependence variables. (93.1)$ \- Y& U& A% _ {% C9 C
[答案> D名词dependence应改为形容词dependent,用来修饰后面的名词variables.
1 a. P: x" N l7 v* E (4) A deficient of folic acid is rarely found in humans because the vitamin is contained in a wide variety of foods. (92.8)
# v8 f* J8 }; a4 k, Z- A: G [答案>A形容词deficient改为名词deficiency.作主语。( o$ f* a$ R2 h- i) ^% {% o' ]
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(5) In nature, the distributive of plants is obviously |