新GRE考试填空题解题策略
日前,美国教育考试服务中心(ETS)宣布将在2011年8月推出经过改革后的新GRE常规测试。新GRE常规测试是ETS在美国研究生院为代表的教育界的指导下,经多年研究而完成的,是GRE实施60年来最为重要的一次变革。培训高分学员最多的北京新东方学校国外部GRE教学专家在第一时间剖析了新GRE考试变化并本着对考生负责的态度,以最快的速度推出本系列文章,以使考生能够从容地应对GRE的变革。 依据GRE出题机构ETS官网发布的信息,新的GRE考试将在2010年推出,其中在题型上作了很大调整,单独的词汇即类比反义词部分取消了。而保留下来部分中,填空部分变化最大。下面就变化和策略等相关情况作一个论述。(一)新旧题型差异
从官网信息来看,考试作了较大的调整。
如下表:
特点旧题型新题型
考试内容单个句子 1-2个空格 5选1题型一:段落 段落题目1-N(数)个空格 3选1题型二:单个句子 单句题目1-2空格 6选2
得分难度选择唯一正确答案 难度主要来自对单词理解和逻辑的分析 段落题目要将所有空格填完并且完全正确才得分 单句题目要两个选项都入选才正确
(二)变与不变的辩证
如表所示:新考题在形式上是做了较大的调整。题干、选项、还是计分原则都有变化。但是,如果剥离这些表面东西后,我们可以发现其实核心的东西没有任何变化——GRE依旧是一个以句子、段落为载体的逻辑考试。
就题目而言,样题的题目就有几个题目是我们明确知道出处的。SampleTextCompletionQuestions第4题就是来自92国内题目;而SampleSentenceEquivalenceQuestions第2题就是no9的题目。答案都一样,只是在干扰选项上做了一点调整(具体见样题分析)。
换句话说,就是形式作了一点微调,核心东西都没有变化。
(三)备考策略调整
那么,对于广大考生来讲。备考中对于这些细节应该怎样看待呢?或者说,应该在具体复习和解题操作上作出哪些调整,才能在最少的时间内,尽快将这个变化适应过来呢?
1.背诵并深刻理解红宝上填空部分单词。并按照考试新要求,自己尝试作类别词汇收集。
2.踏实提高 英语水平,充分重视长句,难句阅读能力提升。
3.认真研究过去考题。没有必要觉得考试改革了,将旧题完全否定,相反,我觉得应该把旧题更加积极利用起来。不仅仅是消极做题,还要按照从样题来的思路模拟ETS思路,看这些题目可以怎样改进成为新题。题干可以做哪些调整,题目单词可以加入哪些做替换。倘能如此,何愁GRE不克。 (四)GRE样题分析
新GRE考试填空题解题策略
Text Completion Questions 段落完成问题(段落完型填空)Text Completion questions include a passage composed of one to five sentences with one to three blanks. There are three answer choices per blank, or five answer choices if there is a single blank. There is a single correct answer, consisting of one choice for each blank. The examinee receives no credit for partially correct answers.
段落完型部分包括一个段落含有1至5个问题,每个问题有1至3个空格。每个空格(空格数量在两个以上)有3个备选答案,而对于空格数量者则有5个备选答案。每空只有一个正确答案。考生只有将所有答案做对该题才得分,即:空格在两个以上者不分开计分。
Sample Text Completion Questions 段落完型样题Directions:For each blank select one entry from the corresponding column of choices. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the text.
答题指令:请在每个空格相应的栏目中选取能最好完善短文的备选答案。
1. It is refreshing to read a book about our planet by an author who does not allow facts to be (1)__________ by politics: well aware of the political disputes about the effects of human activities on climate and biodiversity, this author does not permit them to (2)__________ his comprehensive description of what we know about our biosphere. He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of our observations, and the (3)__________, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood before we can accurately diagnose the condition of our planet.
Blank (1)Blank(2)Blank (3)
overshadowedenhanceplausibility of our hypotheses
invalidatedobscurecertainty of our entitlement
illuminatedunderscoresuperficiality of our theories
Answer choices for question 1.
Answer: overshadowed,obscure, andsuperficiality of our theories
第一空线索:
读某本书能带来refreshing效果,则表明这本书作者写作的效果就是有让我们refreshing的效果或者预期。所以,他“does not allow facts to be (1)__________ by politics”不会让政治“politics”对这本书作什么作用呢?当然是不会让政治使其破坏这本书“refreshing”的特点。则,第一空从正负就可以将illuminated排除。具体选择“overshadowed”“invalidated”还要参看第二空。
第二空线索:
第二空线索说作者不允许them怎样。往前寻找them指代,很容易发现:them就是politics。这样一来,马上可以看到这样的重复:
an author who does not allow facts to be (1)__________ by politics
= this author does not permit them to (2)__________
都是说作者不允许政治对书做怎样的动作。则两空是同义重复。又由于第一空推出动作是负面的。故两空都是负面的。则第二空是obscure, 而第一空也就只能是overshadow。
实际上是三个并列重复,同时和一个分词构成手段和目的重复。
新GRE考试填空题解题策略
He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of our observations, and the (3)__________, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood即:
the enormous gaps in our knowledge,
=the sparseness of our observations,
=(and) the (3)__________,
=calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood
可以推断空格应该填写一个负面评价。
2.
Vain and prone to violence, Caravaggio could not handle success: the more his (1)__________ as an artist increased, the more (2)__________ his life became.Blank (1)Blank (2)
temperancetumultuous
notorietyprovidential
eminencedispassionate
Answer choices for question 2.
Answer: eminenceandtumultuous
句子很简单,逻辑也很清晰。冒号引出解释关系。已知部分说Caravaggio具有如下特点:Vain(1) and prone to violence(2),could not handle success(3);则后面也要重复这两个特点。则后面the more …, the more所引导的内容也应该是重复这两个特点。两空都应该是负面词汇且重复Vain(1) , prone to violence(2),could not handle success(3)。则答案就是eminence(-)=tumultuous(-)。
一个人虚荣,行为易倾向于狂暴,不能善待自己的成功;则越成功越易疯狂激动。
3.
The author's (1)__________ style renders a fascinating subject, the role played by luck in everyday life, extraordinarily (2)__________. Blank (1)Blank (2)
soporificpedantic
lucidtedious
colloquialopaque
Answer choices for question 3.
Answer: soporificandtedious
第一空线索:作者怎样风格描绘了主体。插入语描述主体特点是the role played by luck in everyday life。
第二空线索:评价作者对subject描述具有怎样特点。应该和第一空呼应。即两空是同义词。
新GRE考试填空题解题策略
即是soporific=tedious。4.
From the outset, the concept of freedom of the seas from the proprietary claims of nations was challenged by a contrary notion — that of the _______ of the oceans for reasons of national security and profit.
promotion
exploration
surveying
conservation
appropriation
Answer choices for question 4.
Answer: appropriation
句子来自92国内题目。但是选项不同。
A promotion
B exploration
C surviving
D conservation
E enclosure
(1)主干是:the concept … was challenged by a contrary notion;即:the conceptnotion
(2)由“of”引出的“the concept”的具体内容:freedom of the seas from the proprietary claims of nations,海洋独立于国家所有权。则notion 应该说:海洋应该隶属国家所有权。
所以答案就是appropriation。和原来题目相比,不过就是把单词替换了一下。由此可见,这个改革貌似也不过如此,没有什么技术含量。
Sentence Equivalence Questions句子平衡问题
新GRE考试填空题解题策略
Sentence Equivalence questions consist of a single sentence, one blank, and six answer choices. These questions require the examinee to select two of the answer choices. The examinee receives no credit for partially correct answers.</p> 句子平衡问题包含一个句子,一个空格,6个选项。要求考生在其中选出2个答案。只选出一个答案不得分。Sample Sentence Equivalence Questions 句子平衡问题样题
Directions:Select thetwoanswer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a wholeand
答题指令:选择
1.
Although it does contain some pioneering ideas, one would hardly characterize the work as __________.
A. orthodox
B. eccentric
C. original
D. trifling
E. conventional
F. innovative
Answer: C and F
新GRE考试填空题解题策略
句子很简单。“although”引出一个转折关系逻辑。前面说有一些“pioneering ideas”,后面则应该否定“pioneering ideas”。否定已经由hardly表达出来。所以空格应该填写“pioneering ideas”。答案即是C、F。2.
The corporation expects only _______ increases in sales next year despite a yearlong effort to revive its retailing business.
A. dynamic
B. predictable
C. expanding
D. modest
E. slight
F. volatile
Answer: D and E
“despite”引出相反逻辑重复。后面说这个公司准备了很久了。正常情况下应该是很大的经济增长。转折后说增长很少即可。答案就是D&E。
题目来自no 9的题目。同样将选项单词做了一下变化。其中答案单词modest没替换,还加入了同义单词slight。原题目如下:
The corporation expects only __ increases in sales next year despite a yearlong effort to revive its retailing business.
A unquestionable
B sequential
C modest
D exaggerated
E groundless
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