2012年新GRE作文考试论证技巧（上）
一、演绎推理论证法将一个具体的事例运用到一个一般性原则从而得出结论。
论点：Demand for this product wii go up。
论据：The price of the product is sliding.
推理依据：Whenever prices of a product go down , demand for it rises.
(说明：由论据“the price of the product is sliding ”推出论点“Demand for this product will go up”,这个过程是否有效取决于推理依据“whenever prices of a product go down , demand for it rises”是否成立。下面每一种论证方法都是如此)
二、定义法
界定一个概念的关键内涵；或者认定某个事物符合某个定义，从而得出结论。例如：
论点：Radical feminists are not good citizens.
论据：Radical feminists lack family values. wｗw.ExamＷ.CoM
推理依据：Family values characterize the good citizes.
三、因果关系论证法
将一个判断放入一个因果关系中，指出它或者是原因，或者是结果。例如：
论点：The internet may be causing depression.
论据：When a group of people increased their use of the Internet , they felt depressed.
推理依据：There are no other reasons for the group’s depression.
四、归纳推理论证法
从若干个具体事例中推出共性的一般结论。如：
论点：Everyone likes the movie.
论据：I know three people who like the movie.
推理依据：Three eaxmples are enough.
五、列举特征式论证法
指出某事物发生或者生存的征候或者迹象。例如：
论点：The child has chickenpox.
论据：The child has red spots.
推理依据：These spots are signs of chickenpox.
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