第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
H9 f: k/ Y1 V# q; N, q7 I& [下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 </p>; J6 i2 v9 t, ]2 Y
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31．Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may
0 `1 b4 S& L2 wA．help others of their kind get food，shelter and other things needed．
, i R- { r' S9 S4 i+ o! iB．survive even in extremely severe condition．
4 H* {1 a9 x) [9 C- M- k. KC．become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind． 0 }$ T: T* i% S( {. S. i$ n
D．result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms． 8 y! d# M6 J- s* @4 k* [. d- }
32．In the first paragraph。the word“environments”could best be replaced by
& n h- v- X( m2 sA．“contexts”．
# s3 D& X; I8 l0 X3 z; k* e1 R8 bB．“surroundings”．
, x4 k+ C9 l' w) ~% [5 TC．“neighbors”．
; S( T9 v9 b- T7 E8 P3 RD．“enemies”．
0 C$ f# x& g" X1 b33．It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird care colored?
: ^6 a* {" S; B7 WA．to frightened its enemies．
. V! M8 c4 [3 V4 T+ }B．to attract its enemies．
. U) i: N2 R" }' F; E2 FC．to adjust its body heat．
# k$ ]0 E4 \) G7 }4 Q7 C) q* q2 oD．to match its environment． 1 A% l) b+ C1 {% ]7 B8 {
34．Which of the following is not directly mentioned?6 F( H: v% v- H
A．A living thing may adapt in its structure． 0 n9 C, l9 F2 G- r
B．An organism may adapt in its function． 5 \( @" U* H; B9 g8 i' t
C．A living creature may adapt in its genetic makeup． 9 X; Q4 ~" s8 g! `1 h
D．A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit．
8 M$ X8 x" Z& ]' N35．The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to illustrate which of the following?
. |% e2 m- C( g n' U+ FA．A living thing may have the ability to create an environment of its own． 5 _7 _3 N/ t+ V8 }
B．A living creature may have the ability to remain still when an enemy is near． 9 d( K1 t8 o+ t0 D
C．A living creature may have the ability to make food from its inorganic chemicals．
. s1 M; P& i9 P6 W* O$ AD．A living creature may have the ability to change the color of its skin．9 a/ _- B2 n* H& \
* N( {, u+ w' Z: _9 t! m36．What form of potato is the most nutrient to the human body?" E2 t8 ?" v, e v$ [: E
A．Potato soup． : p0 z- ?7 W% d5 t4 x# {; v' Z
B．Potato cake． ! R; Z) k3 f" n) L$ b) E1 ?+ o
C．Potato salad．
9 ~0 M5 l% N9 [" c0 nD．Hot boiled potato．
7 p! ^ J3 l, r( g7 v6 a37．What does the reduction in leucocyte levels in the body mean?( L2 J7 j1 p% c$ Q- G3 M
A．It may mean the reduced levels of inflammation． / R3 a9 h" S, N6 O8 a+ Y6 y
B．It may mean somewhere in the body is inflamed． 0 ~- r/ {0 ?4 w2 U& M
C．It means that the body is challenged．
( w: @3 ^+ {& u5 s/ KD．It means that the body cannot produce leucocytes any more． 5 w$ ~/ n7 ], i8 Q2 a# p
38．For what a purpose did the researchers use raw potato starch in their experiment?$ J2 a' D1 g8 x4 z4 J! z
A．They wanted to observe how the leucocyte levels reduced in the experimental pigs．
5 {5 n0 a, p. h7 X0 u6 B0 B" Z0 X. uB．They wanted to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch．
; l6 r, B" n: R. w( }- Z; OC．They wanted to see how much potato an experimental pig ate every day．
6 I% r8 N6 H9 c1 W" TD．They wanted to see how much body weight each experimental pig gained in the end． . e- |. M N9 e$ F+ k
39．All of the following foods are rich in resistant starch EXCEPT
8 U7 F& j L. J) @A．pasta．
. x- V# ^1 u/ l4 XB．grains． 3 W! T$ u$ _- d% d
C．1egumes． - A/ s7 a3 C! d& F* C
D．vegetables．
8 ]7 @- m2 r# k+ ^; u: H40．What a kind of starch iS resistant starch after all?
1 X& n) B3 A' ]( CA．It may cause irritable bowel syndrome． 8 O" j. K" Z4 C
B．It may bring about at least partially inflammatory disorder．
( D) c! s6 o2 c8 O% _; jC．It may raise leucocyte and lymphocyte levels in the body．
( R! z# M& G% q9 Z: Z- TD．It cannot be digested in the small intestine and ferments in the large intestine．
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41．The part of the brain important for a person’s learning and memory is
# u4 f w& n& J' I2 [A．the cortisol． 5 @6 s" y1 f/ I& Y5 K P. V- L
B．the adrenal glands． + y% Q- J" }! R: S3 ?
C．the stress hormones．
) L% \( Y9 u0 [" oD．the hippocampus．
& [# t4 Y5 z1 Q+ @* Q2 ]3 B42．When the levels of cortisol go higher，the hippocampus in the brain may& X" X- a* `% _, \! a/ Z% O
A．become larger． . b) ?: Y/ U. O# ]: l1 u- b
B．become smaller．
; \7 ]6 g' V6 _7 ZC．disappear completely．
$ ^8 h7 ^, \' PD．be totally damaged． ' z3 L6 f: s$ @5 N( k4 p4 x& d& [
43．According to the article，when people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork，
) Q' ]- @1 l& W6 s y* ^* vA．the adrenal glands will produce a stress hormone．
3 Y' t2 E* J) S4 r |B．the kidneys will produce adrenal glands． + ^: L) w7 E2 c4 T/ ^
C．the hippocampus will produce high levels of cortisol in the blood． : [2 ~8 C9 h7 c0 d6 X" G
D．the brain will work more effectively． " I, N4 a2 d, f
44．It appears that when the total volume of the hippocampus becomes smaller as a result of high
1 N* m$ r% ]$ D6 hblood levels of cortisol，other brain regions
% l4 J) }, K# lA．become smaller too．
1 k, `& c m6 ?B．become larger． . S' F, L" L# q' m4 a& e8 _( J' s! x8 ^
C．may remain the same in size． 3 l) m0 H: I# o
D．maybe damaged． + G* W+ c0 X8 e
45．The research conducted by Porter and Landfield shows that
' d+ @6 T( p: i; ~3 `' {A．changes in the levels of adrenal hormones have nothing to do with brain aging．
8 b7 V& g0 b3 d% h6 n# @B．changes in the levels of adrenal hormones may affect brain aging． / O3 n8 C& z* c3 l
C．chronic stress may strengthen a man’s memory． % T. L8 e% J! G
D．the rate of brain aging always remains stable． |
发表于 2012-8-15 23:30:26
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