第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)3 u6 } V; n' }- \$ N, I6 m
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 </p>. ?* R( `3 d$ I. [% h! v
+ s6 B$ F9 O+ J" p+ t5 P0 t4 T1 o31．Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may
5 L' [6 D, Z7 l( \# iA．help others of their kind get food，shelter and other things needed． 4 D, ]- y3 `' x+ F$ V7 \
B．survive even in extremely severe condition．
0 E9 I& {8 ^5 j0 I4 {C．become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind．
2 E# }, R6 k: W: @, o2 K8 }D．result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms． ) c! o/ o3 l. f: L, _9 y
32．In the first paragraph。the word“environments”could best be replaced by; o. u# T! T+ E# S
A．“contexts”．
7 J% n+ J/ P$ w3 b* @B．“surroundings”．
/ T# z* A9 h9 H2 l" @, nC．“neighbors”． : L! U/ C5 U& Q
D．“enemies”．
! t) x, m* c5 J, _, r! V7 t4 a6 G33．It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird care colored?& b% M6 A% ]5 J1 J2 P( w$ k( ?
A．to frightened its enemies． * d' ]7 C: H ]* x0 l1 m9 \
B．to attract its enemies．
! E, Z) {1 H* Q* \C．to adjust its body heat． 8 R M. ~; T7 J$ a6 Z; y+ a R" D
D．to match its environment．
0 f! ~4 k/ C8 T" m34．Which of the following is not directly mentioned?6 Y" d; `5 c# k5 h
A．A living thing may adapt in its structure．
# y9 o8 P& m0 }; B) W! T% Y& r' pB．An organism may adapt in its function．
7 l6 E& s# M/ ?# s" l9 L* `1 _C．A living creature may adapt in its genetic makeup．
) O, i" J2 [2 \8 x$ UD．A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit． 7 e, e6 g" m( m- K! r' E c
35．The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to illustrate which of the following?) X3 c$ Q% f! z/ v; R
A．A living thing may have the ability to create an environment of its own． + L' ^! w9 W8 r: t: F$ f* G8 O
B．A living creature may have the ability to remain still when an enemy is near． : i2 B c* u- w7 e* a, a
C．A living creature may have the ability to make food from its inorganic chemicals．" D) f+ H: \. S* Q
D．A living creature may have the ability to change the color of its skin．
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36．What form of potato is the most nutrient to the human body?+ V$ R' e$ o& Q$ D
A．Potato soup．
7 w7 I: G3 N, W9 {B．Potato cake． $ C& ~6 X3 Q9 N# x. M7 s
C．Potato salad． ( C4 g% s, G# ~7 @0 q$ ~ X. x
D．Hot boiled potato．
- Q1 ~1 g% k- t' y# V: L, M5 Z4 X37．What does the reduction in leucocyte levels in the body mean?
: V3 i2 ?7 g! B7 p+ d# }2 H! eA．It may mean the reduced levels of inflammation． # A/ w' `/ o2 Y
B．It may mean somewhere in the body is inflamed．
+ ^& F2 |. K$ F, [C．It means that the body is challenged．
7 ^8 {" O: T8 c: A- wD．It means that the body cannot produce leucocytes any more．
1 S$ \& o3 f6 H2 g' u. I/ C' h38．For what a purpose did the researchers use raw potato starch in their experiment?- j) t' V$ x$ t2 L& J
A．They wanted to observe how the leucocyte levels reduced in the experimental pigs． ! z* W9 l8 ?8 r% U( c% m) c% y: s* b
B．They wanted to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch．
" Q8 F4 j- L; WC．They wanted to see how much potato an experimental pig ate every day． . L9 I' w1 | c5 _9 S% b
D．They wanted to see how much body weight each experimental pig gained in the end．
, @' j {/ @; _1 ~) Q: f9 B1 ?39．All of the following foods are rich in resistant starch EXCEPT' y8 V6 n. P( d% `4 I4 W! J
A．pasta． 7 P/ [& @/ `. Q) M6 X4 X6 u5 C
B．grains． + ]- `6 c! I! V4 s
C．1egumes．
, @$ v% Z+ S+ qD．vegetables．
9 |$ V6 J7 K7 u( d8 F40．What a kind of starch iS resistant starch after all?5 c( n7 j" {& Z. V
A．It may cause irritable bowel syndrome． ) F ? K2 |1 J7 h; m7 v
B．It may bring about at least partially inflammatory disorder．
" n2 [3 ]3 h! i" c$ H' {9 O: ^6 VC．It may raise leucocyte and lymphocyte levels in the body．9 l5 `% ?( P4 B5 E$ q* a
D．It cannot be digested in the small intestine and ferments in the large intestine．
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41．The part of the brain important for a person’s learning and memory is
9 D) d5 ?5 ]) w9 h3 m/ l$ S ~( @A．the cortisol．
3 c }" ~- u/ U5 i0 aB．the adrenal glands．
. L# l1 `" z! {) C ^2 n; EC．the stress hormones． : e) Q4 {$ d( D+ b) y% R1 a" v
D．the hippocampus．
) v; R! f2 [: f0 T; l: V42．When the levels of cortisol go higher，the hippocampus in the brain may
& Q8 o, `" V! k0 `5 s+ W( XA．become larger． ! E" U, I# S% b
B．become smaller．
1 P( J- |/ c4 uC．disappear completely． + a% G1 t% \3 f
D．be totally damaged．
$ Q& L) z0 R7 P: d7 S43．According to the article，when people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork，
8 x, J" ?9 k Y& ~A．the adrenal glands will produce a stress hormone． 4 H9 r& R5 F( N) G* \8 h
B．the kidneys will produce adrenal glands． & w' M3 @5 T# |, v* ?
C．the hippocampus will produce high levels of cortisol in the blood．
0 R. h6 ` j5 x+ C9 DD．the brain will work more effectively．
. ?8 h L$ w- ^4 ^ O$ c44．It appears that when the total volume of the hippocampus becomes smaller as a result of high
" E' j1 B8 @% p! f1 w0 iblood levels of cortisol，other brain regions
5 p0 r9 E% ?& e& Q) W- V) @* UA．become smaller too．
2 P" i" _6 D4 j5 E! W5 nB．become larger．
& ]. |2 G' U G- S2 S' Y* E# @C．may remain the same in size．
1 a$ S# @5 @' O7 ]+ XD．maybe damaged．
/ `7 J6 J4 `1 H' T4 f5 D. z- b45．The research conducted by Porter and Landfield shows that
! f# g5 ]5 \& e3 M$ P! h0 T; lA．changes in the levels of adrenal hormones have nothing to do with brain aging．
# k+ R' y8 H& Q- t7 D7 V; BB．changes in the levels of adrenal hormones may affect brain aging．
6 g- Z( U0 v- ]0 q# BC．chronic stress may strengthen a man’s memory．
: f9 `1 h: @0 N" w! RD．the rate of brain aging always remains stable． |
发表于 2012-8-15 23:30:26
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