非限制性定语从句
+ a' Z% t+ Z0 B! C+ b u# ~7 u' k 一、特点:
; b8 M; \. K; _2 b 1.它只对所修饰的词或部分作进一步的解释或说明。) q: @% c' i+ X# K0 q- G) ~
2.通常都用逗号隔开。
, ~7 t/ o3 M( C% }' ~ 3.关系代词中(与限制性相比)已没有that一词;6 y; R# Q- e0 e, s3 z
关系副词中(与限制性相比)已没有why一词。
, ?. P$ e0 e C+ t4 n% k( u 二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有:
" z4 \6 Y$ D2 r5 R2 j; Z8 L& d2 C who, whom, whose, which.( m9 }" R1 N* D5 H( V( @
This note was left by Mr.Li, who was here a moment ago.
: b9 i) @- D* | 这个条子是李先生留的,他刚才到这儿来过。5 S* D" b: J0 j+ N. z$ x" Q
Mr.Smith , whom I often visit (call on) , is my good friend.
6 {) M9 W# P) k3 d7 Q 史密斯先生是我的好朋友,我常去拜访他。9 `, H3 H& t* O- Q
The latest model of this car, whose exterior dimensions remain unchanged, gives much more passenger room.
2 S2 _: L l% i0 ?( Z1 D6 f5 Q 最新型的这种小汽车,外部尺寸没有变化,但乘坐空间却大多了。+ V- Q+ g, P$ Z8 m
China has hundreds of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.
/ g5 j# j* [0 Z 中国有数以百计的岛屿,其中最大的是台湾。8 M! B1 ]/ E$ ]9 p: _' k
三、引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有:
' J6 L0 r9 r3 V- c, {" K9 z; J" Y when和where% ?: `, Q% ^: R0 y5 {( t9 a
In the old days, when I was a little boy, the city had no industry.; z# ~2 M' j, y3 Q
在过去,我还小时,这个城市没有工业。/ o' k$ c& C1 B: {
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy.
" c/ M/ E6 D0 O/ O+ p& ]9 v 我们把郊游推迟到下星期,那时我们就不会这儿忙了。
$ K" I; E2 D: Z# @1 a: n7 N3 r0 \7 [ She is going to spend the summer holiday in Tsingtao, where she has some relatives.
) U' u p9 P3 ~/ Z 她准备到青岛过暑假,那儿她有一些亲属。
2 Y' a' Y {& [& H3 V, Q% J They will fly to Kunming, where they plan to stay for two or three days, and then go on to Kweilin.$ ^5 S/ E+ V% w. a. k
他们将乘飞机到昆明,在那儿计划待两三天,然后去桂林。) W$ c* V* j- b! S1 Z5 O
四、在这种从句中,which有时可代表前面说的整个情况或某一部分,而不是代表一个词:) O I) I1 b; H1 f" h
I lost my way, which delayed me considerably.6 e; p, e9 T+ }- ^* G3 ~% M
我迷了路,这使我耽搁了很久。大# e I) \6 s5 q) ^* s0 m" t q f n
He failed his exam, which proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.3 O7 k- s% D+ [7 y7 @; {
他考试没及格,这证明他不够用功。 |