非限制性定语从句
# d9 j. A" l2 w 一、特点:* s1 i& d+ @9 K K! `! x2 }( e
1.它只对所修饰的词或部分作进一步的解释或说明。
( P5 U. q" t: |( Z9 c' o4 \ 2.通常都用逗号隔开。
* M2 J. r+ ?9 J$ e- y" L 3.关系代词中(与限制性相比)已没有that一词;
6 I& Y4 P* i1 K6 a& ]/ m 关系副词中(与限制性相比)已没有why一词。: m, u$ D4 l: o0 `9 h8 }- S/ Q, q
二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有:
5 K0 |/ G- l- \: O who, whom, whose, which.
2 m+ I7 j, \% c5 T) q% S# \" b x This note was left by Mr.Li, who was here a moment ago.
& z+ \7 E& h& P0 @) O 这个条子是李先生留的,他刚才到这儿来过。3 N" M" a3 ?1 `: K1 J6 |
Mr.Smith , whom I often visit (call on) , is my good friend.
% X$ C$ t1 L( D 史密斯先生是我的好朋友,我常去拜访他。& X3 a! c( }. b7 P _
The latest model of this car, whose exterior dimensions remain unchanged, gives much more passenger room.
$ r/ ~& b$ N( r" I! Z9 ~- I 最新型的这种小汽车,外部尺寸没有变化,但乘坐空间却大多了。
) g# Y: ~+ L5 l) m China has hundreds of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.
' n: T6 h! x0 s* d) l" g 中国有数以百计的岛屿,其中最大的是台湾。: n. m% f* j7 s* a2 e( X4 Z( S ?8 w
三、引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有:
4 O$ [ Q- c7 p0 R+ u when和where b- J1 Q" R6 L* r- C$ s
In the old days, when I was a little boy, the city had no industry.4 S" }$ {( f/ v" z
在过去,我还小时,这个城市没有工业。
& P" y9 e8 l8 m We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy.' P! {2 s( t" s6 F* M. U7 H1 |
我们把郊游推迟到下星期,那时我们就不会这儿忙了。3 R, V P4 [. r. O2 w* ^( ~
She is going to spend the summer holiday in Tsingtao, where she has some relatives.2 c) c o1 x3 n" V f. ]% k
她准备到青岛过暑假,那儿她有一些亲属。
# V( Q$ A" ?1 W8 x1 o) v1 G' I3 u They will fly to Kunming, where they plan to stay for two or three days, and then go on to Kweilin.
+ u! K- c$ B5 r1 N' o9 z6 Z. t 他们将乘飞机到昆明,在那儿计划待两三天,然后去桂林。
# ]& s* y3 V! ]( W* D9 ` 四、在这种从句中,which有时可代表前面说的整个情况或某一部分,而不是代表一个词:+ u* m, Q. Q% L1 G' J, @
I lost my way, which delayed me considerably.1 C* M8 \, s+ r6 c* A
我迷了路,这使我耽搁了很久。大$ {( `, A1 |( T; ?: ~ H- q+ @6 Y1 T
He failed his exam, which proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.6 m1 |, {6 U6 u' |, j1 h
他考试没及格,这证明他不够用功。 |