3) 双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)结构和复合宾语(宾语 + 宾语补足语)结构:比较下面两个句子:* R1 H- Y, U j2 d9 x/ c
My mother made me a cake.(母亲给我做了块蛋糕。)7 d/ K# N/ |' i
My father made me a doctor. (父亲把我培养成一名医生。)) L* ~/ p* }+ Q0 O
第一句是双宾语结构,即 My mother made a cake for me.2 Y$ d+ i% ]8 t, s4 ^: D
第二句是复合宾语结构,其句法功能为:My father made me (to) be a doctor (I am a doctor). 说明复合宾语结构中,宾语和宾语补足语之间有"主谓关系".
) q* M) @: z; B: N' L 4) 情态动词:must, should, ought to, can, may, need, used to 等动词称为情态动词,有三大特征:A. 不受主语人称和数的影响,如:He may go now. / May I go now? 句中may的形式不变;B. 否定时在后面加not, 如:You ought not to have cheated her. C. 与另一动词连用,中间不用 + " to ", 如上举例。
5 |4 r8 Q, e6 A& B$ [( ]" L( y 请根据上述原则,(从语法角度)说出以下那种表达方式是对的:
2 W+ Z* ^3 P( A* {$ V! @ A. She needs to see a doctor.
, I n# l0 {. l B. She doesn't need to see a doctor.) }9 F2 M$ I; A3 H ]# c6 [
C. Does she need to see a doctor?4 z% E/ u- u$ I
D. She needs not see a doctor.$ ?# S6 v% z# p0 L2 s1 H- X
E. She needn't see a doctor.
0 u4 P" b# L* J8 f6 y L: |7 m F. She doesn't need see a doctor./ [, z; H, u8 H- a
G. She needs see a doctor.% |. l5 \$ m; d0 ?5 ?
从语法角度看,A、B、C、E是对的。* A& c: ]: G5 c; i( I/ d. y, v
5)助动词:帮助实意动词构成某种结构的词,如: He did come yesterday; I saw him in the office.(他昨天确实来了;我在办公室见到他的。—— 表示强调) |