3) 双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)结构和复合宾语(宾语 + 宾语补足语)结构:比较下面两个句子:7 u3 X3 }% |$ ~) s- c- \
My mother made me a cake.(母亲给我做了块蛋糕。)
/ o0 ^6 X3 l0 }- q. h5 j My father made me a doctor. (父亲把我培养成一名医生。) t9 Y( k4 x* B" @
第一句是双宾语结构,即 My mother made a cake for me.8 T& t3 K* x& P. @" g
第二句是复合宾语结构,其句法功能为:My father made me (to) be a doctor (I am a doctor). 说明复合宾语结构中,宾语和宾语补足语之间有"主谓关系".7 R* b# U: ^2 G1 b3 F: Q
4) 情态动词:must, should, ought to, can, may, need, used to 等动词称为情态动词,有三大特征:A. 不受主语人称和数的影响,如:He may go now. / May I go now? 句中may的形式不变;B. 否定时在后面加not, 如:You ought not to have cheated her. C. 与另一动词连用,中间不用 + " to ", 如上举例。
9 f0 q4 }5 u( d Q6 N) a1 x* }+ T( n& ^ 请根据上述原则,(从语法角度)说出以下那种表达方式是对的:7 q, j+ c2 \- `2 @0 w7 ]( ^7 ^
A. She needs to see a doctor. X! S" x% O' d' _7 }, D/ u
B. She doesn't need to see a doctor.3 [) ]7 l: Y) e) Y7 o
C. Does she need to see a doctor?
- N8 l) F. P) D D. She needs not see a doctor.# H% }% j H8 h0 Y- ?! f
E. She needn't see a doctor.* e4 e. G# w; O, b* o* @ n3 O8 s
F. She doesn't need see a doctor.
& q# v$ w- X- `' f! @5 G0 k4 { G. She needs see a doctor.
3 X: R/ K4 M. F+ b! _- ?/ i 从语法角度看,A、B、C、E是对的。% v& W7 k% T& I7 n* B M2 n$ {
5)助动词:帮助实意动词构成某种结构的词,如: He did come yesterday; I saw him in the office.(他昨天确实来了;我在办公室见到他的。—— 表示强调) |