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[职称英语综合] 2011年职称英语常用语法详解10

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发表于 2012-8-15 23:36:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
3) 双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)结构和复合宾语(宾语 + 宾语补足语)结构:比较下面两个句子:
+ b4 U+ u) I3 g  My mother made me a cake.(母亲给我做了块蛋糕。)$ ^: p& v2 s: a; R
  My father made me a doctor. (父亲把我培养成一名医生。)' I" C5 z- t- F" O* ^3 a2 ^
  第一句是双宾语结构,即 My mother made a cake for me.
7 j* g0 T% V. Y: s  第二句是复合宾语结构,其句法功能为:My father made me (to) be a doctor (I am a doctor). 说明复合宾语结构中,宾语和宾语补足语之间有"主谓关系".
$ W# `1 q$ f6 }0 I5 D2 d  4) 情态动词:must, should, ought to, can, may, need, used to 等动词称为情态动词,有三大特征:A. 不受主语人称和数的影响,如:He may go now. / May I go now? 句中may的形式不变;B. 否定时在后面加not, 如:You ought not to have cheated her. C. 与另一动词连用,中间不用 + " to ", 如上举例。
: J, @7 o' h( K/ W3 D; u  请根据上述原则,(从语法角度)说出以下那种表达方式是对的:% ~- f- z* `2 h" k: s5 t6 J4 |
  A. She needs to see a doctor.
; L, Q# t* d0 A: g4 e2 o1 g  B. She doesn't need to see a doctor.
3 B$ r% D2 S0 f# n- l' Y) l( ?! x  C. Does she need to see a doctor?
0 n- G. g6 p5 H9 ~" p  D. She needs not see a doctor.+ ~/ b5 e& v& q. ]8 i" M
  E. She needn't see a doctor.
  ^: r( }/ o7 t% y) a- D9 T1 n  F. She doesn't need see a doctor.
5 x% R6 Z$ ^. L8 S; t  G. She needs see a doctor.0 m" ~" H2 U% Y, q7 }# H: D
  从语法角度看,A、B、C、E是对的。) Z7 s; D0 h+ I1 @3 D9 j
  5)助动词:帮助实意动词构成某种结构的词,如: He did come yesterday; I saw him in the office.(他昨天确实来了;我在办公室见到他的。—— 表示强调)
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