2013年职称英语综合类重点语法解析(03)
7 f& {; @, V9 ^8 W% J% R$ [, S名词的数:
8 x# Z3 F4 V5 o7 Q2 X% t, ]6 k 重点应了解和掌握以下内容:
! i. d% ]( B# s: Q 1、名词的可数和不可数:) v& w& H5 W: z
与汉语不同,英语中名词要区分可数与不可数。4 v1 O4 i, o6 Q/ K9 p* r
笼统地讲,物质名词,如:water(水), iron(铁), wood(木头)等, 和抽象名词,如:democracy(民主), freedom(自由), happiness(幸福)等为不可数。
+ S4 {0 Q" d0 J! ? G" _ c. R, c 不可数名词前不能加a (an),后面不能加s (es),这是考试中对此类题目判断的重要依据。
1 F/ r/ p: N" x* p$ z3 t: d" e 2、以下名词为不可数名词:. b0 T9 H3 A. T `5 x0 Y
news(消息) information(信息)' Z7 Y( D ? A2 S, @" ~
furniture (家具) equipment(设备)4 C' D' R- {8 w4 A, N: w! ]% y
advice (劝告) weather(天气)# U; u w% e& h* f. F0 h
work*(工作) clothing(衣服)" F- k' r( q6 {6 K1 b' x. s
baggage(行李)+ _ @& e" l7 s s; X% z* R: a
work作 "工作" 解释时为不可数名词,"找工作"不能说to find a work, 应为to find a job; work作"着作"、"作品"解时是可数名词,如:Deng Xiaopin's works (邓小平着作)/ a work about Deng
^( P" _9 ~; n3 s9 o% A; M Xiaopin (一件关于邓小平的作品);作 "工厂" 解释时,单复数同形:a steel works (一个钢铁厂) / two chemical works(两家化工厂)
! T" M8 M# h- } 实例:4 k" j( p! s* I; ?. h3 k9 n# ?4 n) N
We have a large staff but there ______ in the office.5 }$ z4 t( K; W1 {$ Y) v
A. haven't many furnitures
3 T- O& ^" ~. l6 H5 K. |/ ` B. aren't many furnitures
: ?9 g) {: Z2 d0 G, i$ H$ |: p C. hasn't much furniture# [8 l9 b' R9 F# a* `
D. isn't enough furniture8 N) e. _& z# G% |0 @0 N6 `
解题思路:根据名词数的概念A、B肯定错,不必考虑;C、D的主要差异是"hasn't"与 "isn't", 句子中有there,说明该句是there be句型,故正确答案为D.题中staff, office 等词与解题无关。
: E$ q! G7 R8 e N 注意辨别句子中斜体词的数及其意义:6 W/ e; a# C/ n J& C
There is still much room for improvement. (仍有许多改进的余地)
- z' E; r$ w. t3 r! b2 a He has published two important papers on this subject. (他在这个课题上已发表了两篇重要论文。) |