PASSAGE 209 s' ]2 d5 V& ]7 `
Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind: s# X Q6 J' P# c
If you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building-and that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that__1__ directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit.& C% l4 v% F# Z# [+ R
Sound Alert, a company__2__ the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home for__3__ people in Sommerset and a resource centre for the blind in Cumbria.__4__produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine the __5__ is coming from.
/ X0 X( B# J) L& I Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be __6__ by humans. "It is a burst of white noise__7__ people say sounds like static on the radio," he says. "Its life-saving potential is great"1 g) K8 ^/ Q6 F2 ~" p Q5 W
She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large__8__ room. It__9__ them nearly our minutes to find the door__10__ a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one.
( V7 {( ^3 c2 w4 a1 K% \2 n Withington studies how the brain__11__ sounds at the university. She says that the __12__ of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms__13__ on the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles./ c: l8 L6 |' ~ `: f! n
The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up__14__ down stairs. They were__15__ with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels.4 B7 }0 `" S$ U8 m. u! ]( T
1. A) without B)with C)having D)selling
" q! ~0 h7 ?4 I 2. A) run by B)changed by C) decorated by D)criticized by$ b8 o! h; j7 J. R* L5 |* P
3. A) slow B)deaf C)blind D)lame
; j* F- G" G' e. | C. g& ^/ P 4. A) Alarms B) Alarm C) The alarm D) The alarms8 v- p8 }, v7 a: x# v8 j' R3 H' I/ X
5. A) noise B) sound C) music D) bell6 m# P( q) L- Q- n: ~; A
6. A) watched B) produced C) learnt D) heard/ A( q0 i5 A9 h
7. A) where B) what C) that D) how
9 {+ c( X* B; r1 ?3 E( `5 k 8. A) smoked B) smoke-filled C) filled with smoke D) smoke-filling& Z$ u+ }0 k3 i+ N
9. A) has taken B) takes C) took D) will take
3 u3 r$ K" M6 Z4 r+ q9 a8 R F6 u 10. A) on B) near C) without D) from* _" G6 R0 x1 j/ e! `
11. A) processes B) produces C) possesses D) proceeds! Y: R* p, ~8 ~1 t
12. A) feature B) quality C)diagram D) source6 U/ o$ |0 k* J: D. y: ?5 Z0 p
13. A) basis on B) base on C) basing on D) based on
5 v' s \% M$ {/ X9 Q2 n 14. A) or B) and C) but D) otherwise$ g7 a7 L6 f& S% A+ b9 w Q
15. A) developed B) determined C) discovered D) delivered7 D% L/ \ O* m
key: BACDB DCBCC ADDAA# a. p) S: d3 t9 D" Z5 G
PASSAGE 21: o8 r! [& d+ a) z0 X# L/ }" i
The Greatest Mystery of Whales
- @! z7 E: U' q5 \# O The whale is a mammal - warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them-and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many signs of this. __1__ front flippers, used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.3 X6 d# ^4 }$ \" l
Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale's pulling __2__ has been estimated at 400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have __3__ a whaling vessel for seven hours at the __4__ of eight knots.6 B$ k5 H W. ?) w1 S: V6 t9 ~
An enraged whale will attack a ship. A famous __5__ of this was the fate of whaler Essex, which was sunk __6__ South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled in the same way. Sperm whales were known to __7__ the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.' ?: I/ |8 j3 a! x
The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale __8__ the bottom for his favourite food, the octopus. __9__ he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds, to the square inch. Doing __10__ he will remain submerged as long as one hour. Two feats are involved in this : storing up enough __11__(all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. Just __12__ he dose it scientists have not determined. It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And __13__ that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But __14__ you can't bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one __15__ just how these things work.
( M' Q0 H( i4 J2 M/ D6 s EXERCISE:+ t% Q* Q- {4 Z, V& P
1. A)Their B)His C)Theirs D)Its
4 P- L6 ~6 z) ?5 f1 a 2. A)strength B)width C)height D)length
o/ @" M; W; r, ?* s6 u) R 3. A)eaten B)crashed C)towed D)lifted
* T0 o4 {# ?: V- t 4. A)distance B)rate C)voyage D)sail' a# D' w0 ]$ ` b: r' S7 x
5. A)picture B)film C)example D)book7 J( `% w v* [4 W( ~5 M
6. A)off the coast of B)of the coast of C0away the coast of D)in the coast of
. |$ e' w* M% `' l5 i% \7 L5 { 7. A)hit B)seize C)damage D)overturn
( \$ }& u; O) e' t, u 8. A)sink to B)rest on C)dive to D)hide on
5 A' M5 G8 j3 l' { \. X; @$ v 9. A)In that search B)Because of this C)In spite of that D)In support of this4 f: K* q& T, S6 ?2 ?( a% j- b# z
10. A)so B)such C)above D)the same: P% y, l, S0 x; V* w
11. A)air B)oxygen C)energy D)heat
( o! `, e/ s$ } 12. A)what B)where C)how D)when3 f2 U ~+ g2 \+ L, M
13. A)it is believed B)he believes C)we believe D)it believes$ l! z3 e5 ?8 h T& m5 u. E- E
14. A)because of B)due to C)since D)owing to" s x N9 g) A% P+ y9 q4 R
15. A)communicates B)knows C)hears D)develops
0 a X1 k3 Q( c& i! p) n9 } KEY:D A C B C A B C A A B C A C B |