PASSAGE 203 i6 g( i; e; D1 n. \0 t+ t
Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind4 y6 T* h' w1 q
If you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building-and that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that__1__ directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit./ l; Y O, {% G1 b- ^4 R
Sound Alert, a company__2__ the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home for__3__ people in Sommerset and a resource centre for the blind in Cumbria.__4__produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine the __5__ is coming from.4 \. G8 u b" H) e0 |* L/ o
Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be __6__ by humans. "It is a burst of white noise__7__ people say sounds like static on the radio," he says. "Its life-saving potential is great"
2 Q3 Y; b$ h% } d9 d1 n8 ]- [ She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large__8__ room. It__9__ them nearly our minutes to find the door__10__ a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one.
4 V& W' l, N9 I! J7 `4 W Withington studies how the brain__11__ sounds at the university. She says that the __12__ of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms__13__ on the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles.
8 b6 @4 _, X/ \5 o3 d8 u* @ The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up__14__ down stairs. They were__15__ with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels.
8 V# S: G2 ^; Z/ y, g, y, p6 p/ v7 [ 1. A) without B)with C)having D)selling
1 l! d4 N3 x8 h7 u9 g- |2 u 2. A) run by B)changed by C) decorated by D)criticized by3 i; x+ a+ _0 K
3. A) slow B)deaf C)blind D)lame
3 P3 M% V' @. ]2 Z! Z! ] 4. A) Alarms B) Alarm C) The alarm D) The alarms3 D& c0 j! H8 i& _3 |4 l8 ~* g7 {
5. A) noise B) sound C) music D) bell
5 h8 _& t; {% G: b0 D 6. A) watched B) produced C) learnt D) heard6 p1 |2 K0 n$ o# s% @' Z" | s
7. A) where B) what C) that D) how
: M% Z* C1 T& `0 ^' w a 8. A) smoked B) smoke-filled C) filled with smoke D) smoke-filling
# ?$ X) `0 l( I7 ~: Q 9. A) has taken B) takes C) took D) will take
4 d5 D2 }% |( ~+ N5 X 10. A) on B) near C) without D) from& c( M$ a K: t0 P
11. A) processes B) produces C) possesses D) proceeds/ ~1 B9 r6 w' K2 W
12. A) feature B) quality C)diagram D) source" H. j) o. p! ^! C
13. A) basis on B) base on C) basing on D) based on+ Z" d* C/ O# l9 {' Y; ]' K2 u& Y
14. A) or B) and C) but D) otherwise: N g1 W3 v4 ?7 s
15. A) developed B) determined C) discovered D) delivered1 p5 [0 D% h$ G& f
key: BACDB DCBCC ADDAA& W# V8 y: f8 V, `5 @/ ]
PASSAGE 21
5 _6 z4 O& N" s( I3 x( O The Greatest Mystery of Whales
# l0 c2 c8 A: x* a The whale is a mammal - warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them-and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many signs of this. __1__ front flippers, used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.
+ }- X' J, U- I- n4 G$ V Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale's pulling __2__ has been estimated at 400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have __3__ a whaling vessel for seven hours at the __4__ of eight knots./ W" \& {- e7 f B6 B& o% h
An enraged whale will attack a ship. A famous __5__ of this was the fate of whaler Essex, which was sunk __6__ South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled in the same way. Sperm whales were known to __7__ the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.( O* |: P2 Z' L. i$ x. p4 F r/ N d
The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale __8__ the bottom for his favourite food, the octopus. __9__ he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds, to the square inch. Doing __10__ he will remain submerged as long as one hour. Two feats are involved in this : storing up enough __11__(all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. Just __12__ he dose it scientists have not determined. It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And __13__ that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But __14__ you can't bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one __15__ just how these things work.9 _! A4 f* y7 ^5 q+ a+ @+ a- ?" M" r
EXERCISE:
+ z0 `* {$ W# R- O, j1 G0 y( S 1. A)Their B)His C)Theirs D)Its, J) S- F& `; Q) }
2. A)strength B)width C)height D)length: t: V% @" n2 G6 J
3. A)eaten B)crashed C)towed D)lifted
) r- I4 K# @' n 4. A)distance B)rate C)voyage D)sail
; I8 w) w1 d' y: F$ ~2 {5 h3 U* [* \ 5. A)picture B)film C)example D)book
9 [2 G* q8 m( W; {. y1 |3 z 6. A)off the coast of B)of the coast of C0away the coast of D)in the coast of+ X, p! e" B& s7 G
7. A)hit B)seize C)damage D)overturn
/ J) d$ b, ^2 ]: F2 j; n1 _ 8. A)sink to B)rest on C)dive to D)hide on4 O7 y% F, z0 h
9. A)In that search B)Because of this C)In spite of that D)In support of this
) Z8 \+ `4 Z; o! v5 o! M) M 10. A)so B)such C)above D)the same% t! Y6 s2 F; z1 H9 O2 `
11. A)air B)oxygen C)energy D)heat7 p$ U: v6 n( f* a
12. A)what B)where C)how D)when9 {' M. {4 n# K" E. X( x
13. A)it is believed B)he believes C)we believe D)it believes
. j _' b+ I& t; N# [! h 14. A)because of B)due to C)since D)owing to- s! `" M% c6 A. o$ I
15. A)communicates B)knows C)hears D)develops6 J) r8 _+ P) U( O5 k6 O
KEY:D A C B C A B C A A B C A C B |