2012年经济金融术语汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

　　Y
; s% W, U0 e- s! V　　养老基金 pension fund
* O# Z) d; |  T# T$ S　　一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
　　一级市场 primary market
　　应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
- U# p) l* [, W- r　　银行网点 banking outlets
- V, o% \& p: R, k　　赢利能力 profitability
2 W( e/ {( O0 y- e8 \$ p　　营业税 business tax
/ f2 N: g4 m1 ?/ i- j' l5 M　　硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
5 b9 L- T, l. D( O　　用地审批 to grant land use right
　　有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
　　证券投资 portfolio investment
　　游资（热钱） hot money
/ D' |' E: s; B( I4 q' _) L: C　　有市场的产品 marketable products
　　有效供给 effective supply
2 }- I# g. u/ ?* o1 K# M: d　　诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
　　逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
　　与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
+ w! b9 b' W% ?7 D　　与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
　　预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
　　预调 pre-emptive adjustment
: j8 c3 G% ]8 w5 R　　月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
　　Z
　　再贷款 central bank lending
  U! u+ E' G) K& v% Q" ]　　在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
　　在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
　　在途资金 fund in float
　　增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
　　增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
　　增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
　　增长平稳 steady growth
+ o2 X" i& g% o% X　　增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
　　涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
　　账外账 concealed accounts
0 V5 a% d& I; t3 C7 s- \" D& _　　折旧 depreciation
! ^8 a2 q1 W. p+ b; c8 ]　　整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
　　政策工具 policy instrument
　　政策性业务 policy-related operations
3 p0 x$ K; p& U$ a+ g, y　　政策性银行 policy banks
　　政策组合 policy mix
0 T4 g% K4 W' j) l9 b　　政府干预 government intervention
　　证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
& t, n* p4 g4 ?2 h　　证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
8 }7 v6 `0 _2 ^3 j  C4 {　　支付困难 payment difficulty
　　支付能力 payment capacity
# d. Q4 G6 W' N% g　　直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
- |+ k# f9 }1 G# C　　间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
( H* J$ B# k& [4 @& w  o　　职业道德 professional ethics
7 _! B' D  ]5 G# l7 H4 f　　指令性措施 mandatory measures
　　指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
1 `* j9 {2 e. ~" z　　制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
2 _% r& d) ?* k6 m3 \0 X　　滞后影响 lagged effect
　　中介机构 intermediaries
; `/ b, e6 C+ @8 X) S　　中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
$ |0 ?; u% {# B3 K+ c　　分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
　　周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
  E# H5 n$ e1 E& ^( J% [　　周转速度 velocity
　　主办银行 main bank
" n5 O6 B1 y! @1 A　　主权风险 sovereign risk
; n$ m% V/ |/ i& k3 @& W- G3 A  T　　注册资本 registered capital
( `% }1 L% h! v! M7 l4 ~# t+ s- ]& c　　逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
　　逐步取消 to phase out
. Z, X8 O' H+ C, f( O  F2 M8 z　　抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
　　专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
　　转贷 on-lending
0 n1 p3 k$ B* j3 g: C# l　　转轨经济 transition economy
- A/ Y4 A! x. ~- e1 i/ c5 K. X+ N　　转机 turnaround
- O) i* n) k; ~　　转折关头 turning point
　　准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
) s8 W7 w. y$ V- C　　准货币 quasi-money
  E) ?9 p  p; \, J) _, K　　资本不足 under-capitalized
- V+ w% u! s4 }. }& M　　资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
　　资本利润率 return on capital
　　资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
　　资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
" W$ o/ q: \- U　　资产负债表 balance sheet
　　资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
　　资产集中 asset concentration
　　资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
　　资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
　　资产质量 asset quality
. R8 f) K+ s5 M$ P　　资产组合 asset portfolio
3 V7 t: B4 M9 i* P* @+ x　　资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
　　资金到位 fully funded （project）
4 F+ E6 h( K1 C9 m; X　　资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
　　资金利用率 fund utilization rate
　　资金缺口 financing gap
　　资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
　　资金占压 funds tied up
　　自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
　　自有资金 equity fund
　　综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
' G9 B% m! D+ J/ g( A- [　　综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
5 [; T, j0 N6 r- P: ]! T　　综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
5 B- A$ W( s. s6 M  p4 \0 ]　　总成交额 total contract value
　　总交易量 total amount of transactions
　　总成本 total cost
% c' `; |. |5 k) n7 W& U　　最后贷款人 lender of last resort